The Sacroiliac joint, also known as SI joint, is the joint between the spine and the pelvis. The joint connects the spine and pelvis via ligaments and fascial attachments. Because of its structure and function, a healthy sacroiliac joint plays a vital role in preventing low back pain.The joint, which is decreasingly mobile throughout adulthood, can become dysfunctional if it is subjected to uneven stress as the result of an imbalance in the pelvis. Similarly, weak strength in the area or subluxation, or joint dislocation, can cause SI joint pain.
Symptoms Apparent with Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Back pain is not only a classic symptom of sacroiliac joint pain, but one out of three patients with back pain has SI joint dysfunction as an underlying cause. Pain is commonly felt on the side of the lower back, the sacroiliac joint region, and the buttock, and less often, it is noticeable as far as the calf and the foot.
Factors Leading to Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Joint trauma is a typical cause of SI joint pain, with conditions such as instability and subluxation causing the pain. Osteoarthritis, sacroiliitis, and septic arthritis can result in inflammation in the joint area as well as pain.
Identification of Sacroiliac Joint Pain
A proper diagnosis of sacroiliac joint pain requires an extensive evaluation of the patient. In the clinic, the surgeon may observe an antalgic gait, which the patient adapts as a method of reducing stress and pain in the problematic SI joint. The use of x-rays and radionuclide bone scans can confirm the onset of abnormalities in the joints.The Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation, and Extension, Test, also known as Patrick’s test, is a test that the physician can perform to determine how various types of movement and force affect the hip and SI joint areas.
Individuals at Risk for Sacroiliac Joint Pain
The risk for SI joint disease increases with age, probably due to the thickening of connective tissue as well as trauma to the joints. Another risk factor is the fusion of the spine down to the level of the sacrum, which can interfere with normal forces on the joint.
Treatment for Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Treatment begins with non-invasive, conservative techniques, such as massage, deep heat, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation to relax muscles in the region and decrease pain. Physiotherapy is another strategy. It can improve muscle flexibility.Sacroiliac joint injections are a method that can assist in detecting and treating sacroiliac joint pain. A fusion operation to join the ilium and sacrum may increase stability and decrease pain when required. At SpineMD, Dr. Anil Kesani and the team specializes in nonsurgical and surgical spine care. For spine-related problems, call SpineMD at 817-893-6001 to make an appointment.
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