Straightening machines are used in rolling mills to flatten the surface of sheet steel and eliminate or reduce the unnecessary curves. Straightening machines are most suitable for straightening of curled, out stretched, or forced out ferrous or nonferrous metal products. With the help of this machine one can straighten the tiny sections as well. The accuracy of straightening depends on the spacing of the rolls means the greater the spacing, the lower the precision and on the dimensions and number of rolls means the greater the number of rolls the higher the accuracy of straightening. The steel plates used in the machine are of adequate thickness with outer body lining of same plates. Also, the reduction gear box is fitted on the frame of the machine. It is designed in such a way that in straightening process the product remains in contact with the rollers of the machine.
Straightening Requirements may vary depending on the material defects, the design of the machine and finished-part requirements. Straightening is accomplished by bending the sheet by the rollers that stretch and compress the sheet upper and lower surfaces, exceeding material yield point so that both surfaces end up by giving same length.
These machines are divided into two types:
- Roll-type machines
- Stretching
Roll-type machines:
Roll-type straightening machines are designed for straightening thin and thick sheet in either the cold or hot states. Roll straightening machines are used for straightening of tubes and pipes according to the straightening requirements. These rolls are mounted in pairs and are driven by two identical motors through gear boxes and spindle couplings.
One can easily set the machine to give a perfect contact between the tube and the rolls and can change the settings from one size of tube to another. These machines are available in fixed and variable speeds. With the help of this machine, Tubes can be straightened accurately without spoiling the surface
Stretching machines
Stretching machines are designed mainly for cold straightening of thin sheets steel and nonferrous metals. The process of straightening is based on elastoplastic flexing of the sheet which passes through the powered rolls arranged in a roll stand in different position. There are usually 7 to 23 straightening rolls. Modern straightening machines have supporting rolls as well along with the straightening rolls. The rate of straightening depending on the thickness of the sheet. Stretching machines with hydraulically driven working heads are used widely. A combined stretching and bending method for continuous straightening of metal sheets is also being used. The bending process is accomplished on a straightening machine and the stretching part is performed in machine with large-diameter rolls mounted on both sides of the straightening machine.
The process of straightening in machines of the stretching type is based on the stress and curved on the sheet and approaching the yield point by the using the stretching force. A straightening machine of the stretching type are consist of a stand, two clamping heads, system for moving the working head and a drive.
You can know more information here - Shearing Machine, Reduction Gearbox
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