Modern-day structures are indeed more complicated than the earlier ones, which were constructed, say 20-25 years ago. Earlier, a mere conventional waterproofing treatment of terrace, toilet, bath, sinks, and an old basement needed the waterproofing job. However, these days the structures are high-rise, they have a large podium, car-parking lots, basements, terrace garden at each duplex flat level, corporate office gardens, flowerbeds, swimming pools at various levels, narrow ducts (Chowks) for plumbing lines, and electrical lines besides conventional problems of regular large terraces. Due to the unusually large heights of the structures, ensuring the quality plastering on the external surface also poses a problem, which adds to the difficulties in waterproofing. If the problems of such large structures are left unattended and uncared for at the execution stage, then the rectification becomes a near-impossible job adding astronomically to the cost of maintenance. Besides in several large structures like hotels or large commercial premises, proper sinks are not provided in toilet and bath blocks. This creates problems while adjusting the arrangement of plumbing and other toilet lines. Sometimes even slabs are to be perforated both as an afterthought or the part of planning which can become a potential source of leakage if not handled with a proper understanding of materials.
In the above-cited cases, each waterproofing problem becomes a unique case study and needs to be addressed separately. Obviously, a thorough study and absolute expertise in the field only can give a proper solution. Most of the time an additional safety measure in the course of waterproofing can help a long way to offer the relief. Looking at the very high cost per square foot of construction today and still higher costs for rectification (in case anything goes wrong) it is very wise to take a safety measure that can ensure total waterproofing.
From an economic point of view also when spread over the entire cost of the project per square foot which is said for example approx. Rs.1000/- per sq. ft, then the cost of this additional safety does not come to even 2 percent. If you add the cost of interiors to the basic cost of the structures then possibly this additional cost will be further lowered down to 1 or 1.25 percent. Further, as the number of floors increases, as is the generalized case these days, the cost per square foot is brought down to an almost negligible percentage.
It is interesting and important to note that the ineffective waterproofing not only destroys the structure but also does not spare the more valuable interior decorations, which ironically is thought to be of more importance to the public. Thus, wise is the builder/ constructor who acknowledges and implements the effective safety measures for waterproofing right at the conceptual stage.
Waterproofing Practices - An Introduction“No material is itself durable or non-durable, it is the interaction of the material with its in-service environment that determines its durability” - says a well-known concrete technologist Larry Masters.
Thus, with reference to concrete, durability will depend on the nature of the concrete (and that means impermeability) and the aggressiveness of the in-service environment.
The three important steps that ensure adequate durability of concrete in-service are:Compliance with current standards of good practice during construction.The use of new and improved materials and innovative construction systems designed for increased durability at competitive costs.Provision of protection to the existing undamaged structures against adverse environments.However, in spite of all the precautions, there are several other factors that can affect the durability of concrete.
Though, innumerable to list out, these factors can be mainly grouped under four principal categories viz: Construction practices,Design,Material characteristics, andExposure conditions.The appropriate knowledge or lack of the same regarding these four categories leads to distress and defects in the concrete structures and that is often the initiation point of the deterioration in the health of the concrete structure.
In the Indian context, these four parameters have caused havoc in the later part of the century, and thus, it becomes our paramount responsibility to introspect, evaluate and rectify the blunders and march confidently towards the future with healthy waterproof structures.
The defects and the distress in the structures are manifested in several ways but generally observed manifestations are dampness and leakages.
The Global PVC Window Profile Market Research Report - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast Till 2026 gives an evaluation of the market developments based on historical studies and comprehensive research respectively.
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The Global Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers Market Research Report - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast Till 2026 gives an evaluation of the market developments based on historical studies and comprehensive research respectively.
The market segments are also provided with an in-depth outlook of the competitive landscape and a listing of the profiled key players.The comprehensive value chain analysis of the market will assist in attaining better product differentiation, along with detailed understanding of the core competency of each activity involved.
The market attractiveness analysis provided in the report aptly measures the potential value of the market providing business strategists with the latest growth opportunities.The report classifies the market into different segments based on product type and application.
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According to a research report "Cognitive Assessment and Training Market by Assessment Type (Pen- and Paper-Based, Hosted, Biometrics), Component, Application (Clinical Trial, Screening & Diagnostics, Brain Training, Academic Research), Vertical, and Region - Global Forecast to 2021", published by MarketsandMarkets, the cognitive assessment and training market size is expected to grow from USD 1.98 Billion in 2016 to USD 8.06 Billion by 2021, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 32.3%.Browse 63 market data tables and 47 figures spread through 150 pages and in-depth TOC on "Cognitive Assessment and Training Market - Global Forecast to 2021"The major forces driving this market are aging global population, increasing awareness about brain fitness, and advancements in technology.
The growing market for cognitive solutions and increasing demand for brain training by next-generation tech-savvy population are contributing to the growth of the cognitive assessment and training market.Download PDF Brochure: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=1039Clinical trials in terms of application is expected to hold the largest market share in the cognitive assessment and training market during the forecast periodClinical trials are mainly used to identify, measure, or monitor cognitive impairments and cognitive changes.
The assessment of cognitive functions is an integral part of decision-making during clinical drug development, as certain drugs can have an impact on the cognitive capabilities of the brain.
The market is expected to contribute the highest revenue for vendors offering clinical trials.Education vertical is expected to grow at the highest CAGR in the marketCognitive assessment solutions and services are used in the education vertical for screening prospective candidates for schools or colleges.
The leading cognitive assessment and training vendors for this vertical are Pearson Assessment and CogniFit.North America is expected to contribute to the largest market share and Asia-Pacific to grow at the highest CAGRNorth America is expected to hold the largest market share and to dominate the cognitive assessment and training market from 2016 to 2021, due to the increasing awareness among population about adopting medication for cognitive diseases.
The new generation in this region is more concerned toward the benefits of cognitive training, which is not just limited to patients with cognitive dysfunctions.
The new report on the Cutlery market provides estimations of the size of the global market and share and size of key regional markets during the historical period of 2015 – 2019.
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The key regions comprise the following geographical segments:North America (U.S., Canada)Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)Europe (Germany, Italy, France, U.K., Spain, Benelux, Russia, Rest of Europe)East Asia (China, Japan, South Korea)JapanAPEJ (China, India, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Australia & New Zealand, Rest of Asia Pacific)South Asia & Oceania (India, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia & New Zealand, Rest of South Asia & Oceania)Middle East & Africa (GCC Countries, Turkey, Northern Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East & Africa)The detailed assessments focus on, inter alia, on the regulatory and macroeconomic frameworks, prevailing pricing structure, imminent investment pockets, and emerging application areas.
Taking the analysis further, the study helps readers get a better understanding of the trends characteristics of the emerging markets, including government regulations crucial to growth of such markets.
With the advancement in lifestyle and wellness it is important to let yourself look different with perfect curves and marks.
Best salon treatments in Pune include proper makeover from eye to chin.
If you are somebody who cannot compromise on eye-makeup and wants to have better hands on it then this blog is definitely a treasure for you.Clean and rinse your eyes with a cold water- Starting on with no cleansing of the eye surface is never going to work out for you amazingly.
You can hide the dirt and the scar through makeup but a deep cleaning with cold water will refresh and give complete relaxation to eye nerves.Fill in your brows- Use a pointed brow liner to give that perfect point to your eyebrows.
Fill the gaps between hair lids and try giving that perfect shape and colour to your brows through it.
Apply a base colour to even the eye skin- From lash line to brow bone apply one tone colour to give even base throughout the eyes.
