The Climate of Pakistan

The climate of Pakistan is usually hot and dry throughout the year except a quick spell of rains during the monsoon season and a light-weight rain within the very short winter season. The climate of the country as an entire are often divided into four seasons:

1. Winter: December to Mid-march
2. Pre-Monsoon: Mid March to June
3. Monsoon: July to Mid-September
4. Post Monsoon:Mid-September to November

Now i will be able to discuss each season intimately .

1. Winter Season

Winter season sets within the early a part of December. it's the foremost beautiful season on the plains of the country where days are mildly cold with temperatures within the range of 21C ( 70 F) through out the country. Nights however are a touch cold. On Capitol Hill stations however the max temperature is around 10 C ( 50 F ) and there's snowfall also. Winter season is usually dry, sunny and pleasant apart from a touch rain caused by western disturbance. Western disturbance may be a rain bearing system having its origin within the Mediterranean . It travels all the way from there to Pakistan passing along its way through Israel, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and eventually it reaches Pakistan khurdopin pass.

Since when it reaches Pakistan it's already traveled quite 3000 km and having shed most of its rain along the way, this is often the rationale that Pakistan gets little rain as compared to other counties mentioned above. The cities closer to the hills just like the Capital Islamabad gets most of it while Lahore a serious industrial city gets some rain also. Western Disturbance passes through Pakistan on the typical once every 15 days from January to Mid March. The duration and intensity of winter season is directly hooked in to the western disturbance. In those years when it's sufficient rain, the cold seasons prolongs and when the rain is meager, winter gets contracted and provides thanks to an extended Hot summer.

2. Pre-Monsoon Season

By the center of March it gets hot enough on the plains. The temperature being around 90 F ( 32.2 C). Since the winter rains gradually diminish and therefore the air is extremely dry, the temperature rises sharply such a lot in order that by the center of April it's normally above 100 ( 38 C) and by the primary week of May temperatures up to 110 F ( 43 C) must be expected. The suns shines as brightly as ever and a really hot and dry wind ( locally called Loo ) blows most of the time. Sometimes an isolated thunderstorm brings down the temperature to around 95F ( 35 C) and brings some comparative relief. All the vegetation is dried up.

The flora are under severe hygrothermal stress. Humans like better to do any outdoor activity in very early morning for no sooner the sun rises than the temperatures climbs sharply. Generally the season is dry with a really scanty rainfall. Such high temperatures when sustained for months together create an excellent low on the plains of Pakistan attracting the moisture-laden winds (Monsoon) from the Bay of Bengal and therefore the Arabian Sea . Since this season may be a preparation of Monsoon so it's called pre-monsoon season by the meteorologists. The state of affairs described above continues till the top of June when monsoon arrives with great vigor.

3. Monsoon Season

The word monsoon comes fro the Arabic word mausim meaning weather. These are moisture-laden winds bearing low, dark clouds filled with rain. In normal years monsoon reaches Pakistan by the primary week of July and remains active up to mid-September though the most months are July and August. Monsoon arrival lowers the temperature considerably.To give you an example when the monsoon strikes Lahore, the capital of province of Punjab, the temperature falls from a touch above 100 F (38 C) to about 80F ( 27 C) within 24 hours.

Monsoon however may be a mixed blessing. On one hand the temperature considerably reduces but on the opposite hand humidity rises to unbearably high levels. Before monsoon the ratio is within the range of 20 -30 percent within the afternoon, It rises sharply to 70-80 percent upon arrival of monsoons. The result's a rise in Heat Index and other people feel very uncomfortable when sun suddenly comes out from behind the clouds at midday after an important downpour.

So the general pattern of monsoon is like this: when it rains the weather is cool and pleasant, otherwise hot and sultry. Sometimes heavy rain falls two to 3 days in succession and on other occasions almost whole of the month passes with none sign of rain. These conditions continue with more or less intensity till the center of September when monsoon rain ceases and weather again becomes dry but this point it's not so hot.

4. Post Monsoon Season

As the name shows it follows the monsoon season. It includes the months of October, November and half September. The season is extremely dry indeed. actually it the driest of the four seasons. Since no monsoon passes through the country during this era and also there's no sign of a western disturbance like in winter therefore the precipitation is extremely low. Sometimes whole season passes without a trace of rain. Since the atmosphere is dry and skies clear the times are generally warm the temperature being around 100 F ( 38 C) in September but after the center of the month a small fall in night temperature is noticed.

This season in Pakistan is documented for its marked difference between the high and low temperatures, its dryness and its monotony. Sometimes the day and night temperatures differ by quite 15 degrees C ( 27 F). Such an enormous fall of temperature in the dark make them pleasant while the times still be warm till the beginning of November when the day temperatures show a gradual fall. The season is right for any outdoor activity or function since chances of any rain or thunderstorm are rare and therefore the heat is also not so intense as that of the pre-monsoon season. Sometimes when on rare occasions an important rain falls, it accelerates the advance of the winter season which normally starts by the start of December.