Owners of homes at least 62 years old with a sizable amount of equity can apply for a reverse mortgage. Seniors can access funds to pay for cost-of-living costs in their later years, frequently after they have exhausted all of their other savings or income sources, by borrowing against their equity. Homeowners can obtain the money they require through a reverse mortgage at rates starting at less than 3.5% annually.
Consider a reverse mortgage loan as a regular mortgage with the roles reversed. In a typical mortgage, the buyer borrows money to pay for the home and repays the lender over time. In a reverse mortgage loan, the borrower borrows money against their existing home, potentially never having to pay back the lender.
The majority of reverse mortgage loans are ultimately not paid back by the borrower. Instead, the property is sold by the borrower’s heirs to settle the loan after they move or pass away. Any surplus funds from the sale belong to the borrower (or their estate). Government-backed programs provide most reverse mortgages with stringent guidelines and criteria for lending.
There are also private reverse mortgages, often known as proprietary reverse mortgages, provided by private non-bank lenders; however, these are less regulated and more likely to be frauds.
Utilizing a reverse mortgage is a reasonably straightforward process:
- It begins with a borrower who is the owner of a home already.
- Either the borrower owns a sizable amount of equity in their home (often at least 50% of the home’s worth) or they have fully paid it off.
- To choose a lender and a program, the borrower works with a reverse mortgage counselor after deciding they need the liquidity that comes with taking equity out of their house.
- The borrower submits a loan application after selecting a specific lending program.
- The lender examines the borrower’s property, title, and appraised worth, in addition to running a credit check.
- If the loan is granted, the lender funds it. Depending on the borrower’s preference, the loan proceeds may be distributed as a lump sum, a line of credit, or a series of periodic installments (monthly, quarterly, or annually, for instance). After a lender provides a reverse mortgage, borrowers must spend the funds on their loan terms.
- While some loans impose limitations on how the money can be used (for example, only for upgrades or renovations), others don’t.
These loans are made for the duration of the borrower’s life or until they move, at which point the borrower (or their heirs) may choose to pay it back, sell the property, or both. Any money left over after repaying the loan belongs to the borrower.
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Most adults have heard of reverse mortgages, but many are unsure of what these loans mean and how they work.What Is a Reverse Mortgage?In a nutshell, these loans are outstanding loans intended for people over the age of 62 to have access to equity in their homes.
This type of loan is especially desirable to people who want, or need, to supplement their pension funds.How Does A Reverse Mortgage Purchase Loan Work?A reverse mortgage purchase loan works by first using part of the home equity to repay an existing residential mortgage - that is, if it still has a mortgage.The homeowner is not required to pay the loan monthly for the reverse mortgage, as the loan balance falls due until the final borrower leaves the house, passes away, failure to pays taxes or insurance, or neglects house maintenance.Although they are not required to make month-to-month payments, doing so could decrease the regular monthly interest or prevent it from accruing entirely.
If they decide not to make a month-to-month payment on the loan, interest for that month will get added to the total loan balance.After paying off the existing mortgage, the reverse mortgage purchase loan lender will pay any proceeds that are left from the new loan.
The homeowner gets to choose how to receive the funds.Types of reverse mortgage purchase loans: Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECMs)HECMs are insured by the federal government and make up more than 90% of all reverse mortgages purchase loans.Eligible residences include properties with one to four units, as well as approved manufactured homes, apartments, and co-ops.Proprietary loans: Private institutions fund proprietary loansSingle-purpose loans: Non-profit and other organizations fund single-purpose loans.
As the name suggests, single-purpose loans must be used for a specific purpose, which the provider typically dictates.
Currently, loans that are subject to proprietary or single-purpose loans are rarely given to borrowers.Who Is Eligible For A Reverse Mortgage Purchase Loan?To be eligible for a reverse mortgage purchase loan, the homeowner must meet at least the following criteria:Must be 62 years of age or older.Must have adequate equity in the home – about 50%, but the amount required varies depending on the lender.Must participate in a counseling session from a Department of Housing and Urban Development-approved counselor.Must go through a financial assessment.In addition to these requirements, the house also needs to qualify for the loan.
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