Stainless steel is one of the strongest, most durable, and versatile materials currently dominating the metal market. The combination of iron and carbon makes it perfectly suitable for a wide range of applications, and its ductility and malleability allow it to be remolded in different shapes. One example of this is 4130 stainless steel tubings. In this post, we will see the unique key features that justify the cost of 4130 tubing.
4130 tubings are available in various sizes, types, ranges, and schedule-class. They are used in the manufacture of hydraulic cylinders for heavy equipment. They also find their application in aerospace, cranes, motorsports, forklifts, excavators, front loaders, and many other high-stress applications, such as the fossil fuel industry. 4130 tubings are lightweight and stronger alternatives to carbon steel. Also, the cost of 4130 tubing is much more reasonable than carbon steel tubing. These tubings can undergo various mechanical procedures, including:
- Cold working: by conventional methods is very common with 4130 steel alloys due to its properties.
- Tempering: This is used to restore the ductility that has been lost after the hardening heat treatment and quench. The alloy is tempered between 750 F and 1050F, based on desired strength. The lower the tempering temperature, the greater will be the strength.
- Annealing: The material can undergo annealing at 1550F for a long time to thoroughly heat the section size. But it should be cooled in the furnace at less than 50F per hour down to 900F. This is followed by air cooling from 900F.
Key Characteristics of 4130 Tubings
- The low carbon content provides excellent welding abilities
- High tensile and yield strength
- More responsive to heat and mechanical procedures than carbon steel tubings
- It is easily machinable with conventional methods.
- All methods like forging, tempering, annealing, and cold and hot working can be easily achieved.
Physical Properties Of 4130 Alloy
4130 is an alloy of 1% molybdenum/chromium by mass and 0.30% carbon. Other elements include manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. It is considered low-carbon steel, which gives it the property of being extremely weldable. It is a thorough hardening alloy and performs best as a structural steel.
Mechanical Properties
- 4130 steel has a modulus elasticity of 205 GPa, much higher than some high-strength spring steels. Elastic modulus is the measure of its elasticity and resistance to elastic deformation. This means it cannot be bent easily and withstand large stresses, but it returns to its original form.
- Another important property is the yield tensile strength, which measures the maximum stress it can withstand before permanent changes in its geometry occur. It describes the onset of permanent deformation. These properties are extremely important for designers and in structural applications. The yield tensile strength of 4130 is 435MPa, much lower than other steels.
- Hardness describes the response of a material to local surface deformation. High hardness is an ideal property for materials in compression, as it indicates increased stiffness. The Rockwell hardness of 4130 steel is 92. This is quite high for steel, due to which 4130 is so tough.
- Elongation is the material's ability to resist plastic deformation before its fracture point, and it is determined by pulling a test specimen apart and measuring the ratio of its initial length to its final length before fracture. The elasticity of 4130 is quite high, due to which it shows great workability.
Fabrication And Heat Treatment
- Conventional methods can easily machine 4130 steel, but it can become difficult if the hardness of the material is increased. Its formation can be performed in the annealed condition, and welding can take place by all commercial methods.
- In the heat treatment, the material is heated at 871 degree Celsius and then quenched in oil. It is usually heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 899 to 927 degrees Celsius.
- The forging of 4130 alloys is performed at 954 to 1204 degree Celsius, and hot working is done at 816 to 1093 degree Celsius.
- The 4130 steel alloy can be cold-worked using conventional methods, and its hardening can be done with heat treatment or cold working.
- Annealation of the alloy can be performed at 843 degrees Celsius, which is followed by air cooling at 482 degrees Celsius, whereas its tempering can be carried out at 399 to 566 degree Celsius.
Applications Of 4130 Steel Alloy
Due to its exceptional toughness, 4130 steel plays a crucial part in various industries' welding, manufacturing, cutting, and other high-stress applications. Its high toughness combined with great machinability and workability gives it great heat treatment characteristics, thus making it extremely useful in various applications. Some notable applications of 4130 steel alloy include manufacturing equipment for vehicle parts, gears, and bearings; drill bits and taps; rock crushing machinery; mills and cutters; and resistance welding products.
To Summarize
4130 steel is a popular material that can be easily sourced for all kinds of projects. Its wide applicability stems from the excellent properties mentioned above.
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