NK cells are also important in the immune response to cancer. They can recognize and kill cancer cells through their ability to recognize stress-induced ligands and downregulation of self-antigens. NK cells are particularly effective at killing tumor cells that have downregulated their expression of MHC class I molecules, which are normally required for the recognition of self-antigens by T cells. Natural Killer Cells can also secrete cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, which can inhibit tumor growth and activate other immune cells to enhance the antitumor response. NK cells also play a role in transplantation. They can recognize and kill donor cells that are mismatched for MHC class I molecules, which can lead to graft rejection. However, NK cells can also promote tolerance to the transplanted organ by interacting with other immune cells and promoting the development of regulatory T cells.
In addition to their potent anti-tumor effects, NK cells also have the potential to be used in combination with other cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, to enhance their efficacy. As research in this field continues to advance, NK cell therapy holds great promise for the future of cancer treatment, offering a potentially curative treatment option for patients with advanced or treatment-resistant cancer.
NK cells also play a role in transplantation. They can recognize and kill donor cells that are mismatched for MHC class I molecules, which can lead to graft rejection. However, NK cells can also promote tolerance to the transplanted organ by interacting with other immune cells and promoting the development of regulatory T cells.
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