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Cubspaediatricdietetics

Feeding tubes are used to ensure people who can’t swallow adequately get the nutrients they need. They can be short-term or ongoing and often provide essential nutrition, medication and fluids.

BTF can improve the experience of tube feeding for families as it allows them to take control of a nutrition decision outside of their medical team’s prescribed plan of care.

What is a feeding tube?

Feeding tubes deliver nutrition, hydration and medications to people who can't eat or drink by mouth. They can be used temporarily while a person recovers and can swallow again, or they may be needed for the rest of their life.

There are three types of ndis feeding tubes and blended diet: nasogastric (NG), gastrostomy (G) and jejunostomy (J). A nasogastric tube goes through the nose or mouth and into the stomach. A G or jejunostomy tube goes through a small cut in the belly.

These tubes deliver liquid tube feeding formula directly to the stomach or small intestine (enteral nutrition). Also known as enteral nutrition, it provides the calories, protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fat and other nutrients the body needs.

People with a feeding tube should follow their doctor's specific care and emergency instructions. They should also flush the tube with water throughout the day and after each feeding to prevent clogs. They should always carry a spare tube.

Blenderised feeds

In a blenderized feed, whole foods are liquefied and delivered through an enteral tube feeding system (tube syringe). Those with long term home tube feedings are interested in reintroducing a more natural food practice into their diet either as a complement to their standard commercial EN formula or replacing the formula.

While BTF has grown in popularity amongst families, little research has been conducted on this nutrition practice. It’s important for RDs to be able to support the practice to ensure it is safe and nutritious (1).

Preparing homemade BTF can be labour intensive and carries with it risks of contamination and failure to meet nutritional requirements. Families who choose to use BTF require more food storage space and ongoing dietitian monitoring (Accredited Practising Dietitians with experience with homemade BTF) to ensure growth and nutrition (4). Family members report that BTF normalizes their child’s tube feeding experience by allowing them to eat what the rest of their family eats.

Homemade feeds

Feeding tubes can be used for a range of reasons. Cancer patients for example often experience nausea that makes it difficult to eat enough to meet their nutritional requirements and so tube feedings are an option; likewise, people living with AIDS may need a tube fed diet to support them as they fight the disease.

Home enteral nutrition can be managed safely at home with the right combination of resources and support systems in place. The NDIS aims to enable people with disability to live independent lives and so offers specialised support to individuals using tube feedings at home.

Depending on their needs and preferences, a person who uses a tube feed will be able to choose a formula that best suits them. These can be ready made liquid foods or homemade mixtures that are specially prepared for tube feedings. A dietitian can help identify the best options based on their assessment and individual circumstances.

Intermittent feeds

In many cases, it is not possible for people to meet their nutritional needs through normal oral intake. This is where tube feeding comes into play - it provides liquid nutrition into the stomach or small intestine via a tube which bypasses the throat.

Using this method, you can receive formula or homemade liquid food which is tailored to your needs, preferences and dietary requirements. Depending on your condition or health status, you may need to use intermittent feeds - for example, cancer patients suffering from chemotherapy often experience nausea making it difficult for them to eat enough and can lead to malnutrition.

You will need to flush your nasogastric tube regularly in order to clean it and keep it hydrated. In addition, it’s important to add in electrolytes like sodium chloride (table salt) to your nasogastric tube mix as this helps replace lost fluids and prevent dehydration. Your Dietitian will advise you on all of these factors.

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