Fish Vaccine: A boon for Aquaculture Industry
Aquaculture has emerged as one of the major growing food sectors globally. However, diseases have been a major threat hampering the growth of this industry. Fish vaccines provide an effective solution to tackle diseases and boost fish farming.
Need for fish vaccines
Aquaculture plays a vital role in meeting the rising demand for food fish worldwide. However, diseases cost the global aquaculture industry millions each year. Common bacterial and viral diseases that affect farmed fish include Vibriosis, Aeromonas infection, Edwardsiellosis, viral nervous necrosis and epizootic ulcerative syndrome. These diseases not only cause mass mortality in fish but also stall the growth of the aquaculture industry.
To prevent the spread of diseases and minimize their impact, fish farmers were earlier relying on antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. However, the indiscriminate use of such chemicals led to the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and residue issues. It became imperative to find sustainable alternatives to chemicals. This is where fish vaccines emerged as a game changer for the aquaculture sector.
How do fish vaccines work?
Fish vaccines work on the basic principles of vaccines used for other food animals. They help stimulate the immune system of fish to develop protection against specific diseases. Most commonly used fish vaccines are based on inactivated or attenuated live bacteria/viruses that cause the target disease.
When fish are vaccinated with such vaccines, their immune system recognizes the pathogens as foreign agents and produces antibodies against them. This immunological memory helps fish mount a rapid immune response if exposed to the real pathogen, preventing the outbreak and spread of disease. Some fish vaccines also contain immune-stimulating adjuvants that enhance and prolong the immune response.
Benefits of fish vaccination
The widespread adoption of fish vaccination programs over the last few decades has provided manifold benefits to the aquaculture industry:
- Reduced mortality: Vaccinated fish have shown significantly higher survival rates during disease outbreaks compared to unvaccinated stock. This directly enhances production yields.
- Growth promotion: By preventing the growth-inhibiting effects of diseases, vaccination improves the overall growth performance of vaccinated fish populations.
- Economic gains: The increased production and reduced disease treatment costs through vaccination translate to substantial economic gains for fish farmers. Some studies have reported benefit-cost ratios of over 50:1 for certain fish vaccines.
- Environmental protection: Reliance on vaccination instead of antibiotics and chemicals helps maintain environmental sustainability in aquaculture. It eliminates issues of antimicrobial resistance and maintains residue-free fish for human consumption.
- Trade facilitation: Many countries and import markets now require disease-free certification and vaccination records for importing aquaculture products. Vaccination is integral to complying with such regulatory norms and boost exports.
- Food security: By stabilizing fish supplies through sustainable intensification, vaccination contributes to global food and nutritional security derived from aquaculture. It supports the livelihood of resource-poor coastal communities as well.
Vaccine development and advancement
Currently, effective vaccines are commercially available for a number of economically significant aquaculture species such as salmon, seabass, seabream, carp, tilapia and shrimp. Scientists are also working to develop new generation vaccines for emerging diseases.
Sub-unit and DNA vaccines that target specific antigens of pathogens offer higher safety compared to conventional vaccines. Advances in immunostimulant research and vaccine delivery methods (oral, immersion) are making vaccination more user-friendly for fish farmers. Developing inexpensive, thermostable and mass application technologies suitable for rural aquaculture remains an active area of R&D.
Conclusion
As the blue revolution gathers pace globally, vaccination offers a scientific solution to boost sustainable aquaculture production. By protecting fish health and minimizing economic losses, vaccination helps strengthen farm livelihoods and food/nutritional security derived from aquaculture. With continued improvements, fish vaccines are well positioned to play a pivotal role in the long-term growth and resilience of the aquaculture sector. Their adoption therefore deserves high priority for all aquaculture nations.
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Antibiotic Resistance Market: Information by Drug Class (Oxazolidinones, Lipoglycopeptides, Tetracyclines, Cephalosporins, Combination Therapies and others), Disease (Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (cUTI), Blood Stream Infections (BDS), Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (cIAI), Clostridium Difficile Infections (CDI), Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections (ABSSSI), Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia/Ventilator (HABP/VABP), Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP), Others), Pathogen (Staphylococcus Aureus , Streptococcus pneumonia, Acinetobacter, Enterococcus Faecium, Hemophilus Influenzae, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Clostridium Difficile, K. Pneumoniae, Others), End-User (Hospitals and Clinics, Research Organizations and others) and Region (Americas, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Middle East & Africa) - Forecast till 2027Antibiotic Resistance Market-OverviewThe popularity and effectiveness of antibiotics have risen exponentially since their mainstream introduction.
The pharmaceutical reports are made by Market Research Future, which includes market options for expansion.
A USD 13,146 Million is estimated to be accumulated by the market by 2025 while progressing at a CAGR of 5.8%.The natural occurrence of resistance to antibiotics to their intensive or prolonged use is estimated to create an augmented scope for the antibiotic resistance market growth.
Based on disease, the antibiotic resistance market has been segmented into hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ventilator, complicated urinary tract infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, bloodstream infections, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, acute bacterial and skin structure infections, clostridium difficile infections, and others.
On the basis of pathogen, the antibiotic resistance market is segmented into streptococcus pneumoniae, k. pneumoniae, acinetobacter, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, clostridium difficile, hemophilus influenzae, campylobacter, and others.Detailed Regional Analysis The regional examination of the antibiotic resistance market is conducted for regions such as Americas, Asia-Pacific the Middle East, Europe and Africa.
The intensifying growth in the pharmaceutical sector, intensifying approval of antibiotic resistance, mounting prevalence of communicable diseases are the noteworthy factors that would propel the development of the antibiotic resistance market in this region.
Market HighlightsAccording to MRFR analysis, Antibiotic Resistance Market is expected to register a CAGR of 5.8% during the forecast period of 2019 to 2025 and was valued at USD 8,120 Million in 2018.Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change when they are exposed to antimicrobial drugs.
Antibiotic drugs include antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, antimalarials, and anthelmintic.Request Sample Copy:https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/sample_request/8579The growth of global antibiotic resistance market is driven by various factors such as - Rising antibiotic drug resistance infections, rise in the incidence of chronic and infectious disease, increase in clinical developments of antibiotic resistance, and rise in global initiatives to control drug-resistance Several market players currently dominate the global antibiotic resistance market.
The Americas is expected to be the largest market owing to the rising growth in the pharmaceutical sector.
The Western European market has further been classified as Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Spain, and the rest of Western Europe.
The antibiotic resistance market in Asia-Pacific has been segmented into Japan, China, India, South Korea, Australia, and the rest of Asia-Pacific.
Additionally, it has minimal treatment options available with the increasing demand for antibiotic resistance, thus driving the growth of this segment.The global antibiotic resistance market has been bifurcated, based on disease, into complicated urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, clostridium difficile infections, acute bacterial and skin structure infections, hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ventilator, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and others.
