Electric motors have become an integral part of our daily lives yet few understand the technology that powers these machines.
A Brief History
The basic principles behind the electric motor have existed since the early 19th century when savants like Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry began experimenting with electric currents interacting with magnetic fields. In 1821, Thomas Davenport built the first working electric motor though it was not very practical. The invention of the dynamo in the 1860s and 70s allowed electricity generation on a large scale paving the way for electric motors to become a viable technology.
In 1882, Nikola Tesla designed and built the first practical AC motor which soon became the dominant design over DC motors due to its ability to operate on alternating currents. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th century, advancements in materials science and electromagnetism allowed motors to become smaller, stronger, and more efficient. Today, electric motors power everything from household appliances to industrial machinery to electric vehicles.
How an Electric Motor Works
At its core, an Electric Motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of magnetic and current-carrying conductors. All electric motors follow the same basic principles:
- Stator: The stationary external part of the motor which produces a rotating magnetic field thanks to coils of wire fed with alternating currents.
- Rotor: The inner part of the motor which is made to rotate by the stator's rotating magnetic field. It can either have its own magnets (asynchronous motors) or coils (synchronous motors).
- Lorentz Force: When current travels through a conductor in a magnetic field, it experiences a force at right angles to both the field and current directions. This Lorentz force makes the rotor spin.
- Slip Rings/Commutator: Allows electrical contact to the spinning rotor from stationary power source through rings or segments that maintain contact via brushes.
Due to their simplicity and reliability, induction motors are the most common type found in appliances and industrial equipment. Inside a motor, basic electromagnetism powers mechanical motion in a remarkable demonstration of science in action.
Motor Efficiency and Technologies
For over a century, engineers have sought ways to improve electric motor performance:
Higher Efficiency Motors
Around 85-90% of a motor’s input power can be lost as heat. New materials and designs aim to reduce losses from eddy currents, friction, and hysteresis. Super-premium motors can reach above 95% efficiency levels.
Variable Speed Drives
By controlling motor speed and torque, variable frequency drives use power more efficiently than constant speed designs. They are ideal for applications with changing loads.
Brushless Motors
Advances in power electronics eliminated the need for brushes and commutators, improving reliability significantly. Combined with rare-earth magnets, brushless motors deliver higher power densities.
Permanent Magnet Motors
Using neodymium magnets offers higher starting torque and efficiency compared to induction motors. They are increasingly popular in electric vehicles and appliances.
The impact of these technologies is enormous. Electric motors have become the backbone of the industrialized world, powering everything from huge pumps and compressors to tiny disk drives with amazing precision and reliability. Their intrinsic simplicity belies the pivotal role motors play in our modern infrastructure.
Electric Motors in Modern Life
It is impossible to overstate how pervasive electric motors have become in daily life thanks to their versatility and low cost of operation:
- Home Appliances: Refrigerators, washing machines, fans, blenders all contain motors to power internal mechanisms. Central air conditioners utilize large AC motors.
- Transportation: Electric trains and metros run on three-phase AC induction motors. Motors started replacing steam engines in the early 20th century. Electric and hybrid vehicles rely on powerful yet efficient traction motors.
- Industrial Machinery: From conveyor belts to machine tools to factories, electric motors automate production processes. High power three-phase motors drive pumps, compressors, and other critical plant equipment.
- Heating & Cooling: Heat pumps, air handlers, circulator pumps all contain motors. Boilers may use burner ignition motors.
- Commercial HVAC: Large induction and permanent magnet synchronous motors power chiller systems, air handlers, fans and are a backbone of modern building infrastructure.
- Robotics & Automation: Servo motors provide precise motion control in manufacturing robots, CNC machines and factory automation systems. Stepper motors enable accurate positioning.
It is no exaggeration to say that electric motors underpin the enormous productivity of the modern globalized economy. Their quiet, efficient operation belies their central place in contemporary civilization and way of life. Motors continue advancing to become smaller, stronger, smarter and more energy efficient to suit new technologies and applications.
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Brushless DC motors have become gained profound popularity among engineers and designers in the recent past.
The lack of brushes makes it long lasting since wear and tear is reduced.
This is because angle position sensing in BLDC motors is easier to achieve using a magnetic position sensor.
A magnetic angle sensor is made up of multiple highly sensitive hall sensor elements integrated on a die alongside an analog, signal processing and digital circuitry.
This chip is then fixed at the end of the motor’s shaft in parallel with a circular two pole magnet mounted on the end of the motor’s shaft.
This simple chip solution enables the acquisition of the absolute position data from start-up to a maximum rpm of 28000.Dynamic Angle Correction is used to internally compensate for propagation delays at high speeds thus reducing the dynamic angle error down to no more than 0.36 at 28000 rpm.
Electric DC Motor is to point to to direct current (dc) can be converted into mechanical energy (dc motor) or can convert mechanical energy into direct current (dc generator) the rotation of the motor.Electric DC Motor high-efficiency are expected to gain importance due to their long operating life, low maintenance, and low energy consumption.Download FREE Sample of this Report @ https://www.grandresearchstore.com/report-sample/global-electric-dc-motor-2019-977The global Electric DC Motor market is valued at 23000 million US$ in 2018 is expected to reach 36900 million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of 6.1% during 2019–2025.This report focuses on Electric DC Motor volume and value at global level, regional level and company level.
From a global perspective, this report represents overall Electric DC Motor market size by analyzing historical data and future prospect.
Regionally, this report focuses on several key regions: North America, Europe, China and Japan.At company level, this report focuses on the production capacity, ex-factory price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer covered in this report.The following manufacturers are covered:AmetekFranklin ElectricAsmoRockwell AutomationAllied Motion TechnologiesJohnson Electric HoldingsBaldor ElectricSiemensSegment by RegionsNorth AmericaEuropeChinaJapanSegment by TypeBrushedBrushlessSegment by ApplicationIndustrial MachineryMotor VehiclesHVAC EquipmentGet the Complete Report & TOC @ https://www.grandresearchstore.com/semiconductor-and-electronics/global-electric-dc-motor-2019-977Table of contentExecutive Summary1 Electric DC Motor Market Overview1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Electric DC Motor1.2 Electric DC Motor Segment by Type1.2.1 Global Electric DC Motor Production Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2014–2025)1.2.2 Brushed1.2.3 Brushless1.3 Electric DC Motor Segment by Application1.3.1 Electric DC Motor Consumption Comparison by Application (2014–2025)1.3.2 Industrial Machinery1.3.3 Motor Vehicles1.3.4 HVAC Equipment1.4 Global Electric DC Motor Market by Region1.4.1 Global Electric DC Motor Market Size Region1.4.2 North America Status and Prospect (2014–2025)1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2014–2025)1.4.4 China Status and Prospect (2014–2025)1.4.5 Japan Status and Prospect (2014–2025)1.5 Global Electric DC Motor Market Size1.5.1 Global Electric DC Motor Revenue (2014–2025)1.5.2 Global Electric DC Motor Production (2014–2025)2 Global Electric DC Motor Market Competition by Manufacturers2.1 Global Electric DC Motor Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2014–2019)2.2 Global Electric DC Motor Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014–2019)2.3 Global Electric DC Motor Average Price by Manufacturers (2014–2019)2.4 Manufacturers Electric DC Motor Production Sites, Area Served, Product TypesCONTACT US:276 5th Avenue, New York , NY 10001,United StatesInternational: (+1) 646 781 7170 / +91 8087042414Email: [email protected]
Its excitation, that is, the generation of a magnetic field, relies on current .
Then the speed of the rotor is not synchronized with the speed of the rotating magnetic field, so it is called an asynchronous motor.
It is because of the asynchronous, so it produces slip.
The slip causes the conductors on the rotor to generate current and rotate in the magnetic field.
Induction motors are coils and rotor cores, so they are cheap, low cost, strong overload capacity, strong performance, and durable.Permanent magnet motors mainly refer to permanent magnet synchronous motors, and permanent magnet refers to the use of permanent magnets for excitation, that is, magnets.
The performance of magnets was not good before, but the stable performance and wide application of the "magnet king" Ru FeB make the reliability and stability of permanent magnets better and better, and the phenomenon of demagnetization also occurs less frequently.
