Laser cutting is a methodology that uses a laser beam on the surface of the material which has to be cut. This methodology is mostly used in the industrial sector where large blocks of materials like iron and steel have to be cut to the required sizes. The process technically is similar to laser, marking and laser engraving. Even in this case, high power laser beam is directed onto the metal surface through optical devices like convergent lenses.
Computer numerical controls are used to direct the laser beams onto the material surface, which either melts or vaporises the material surface at the point of requirement, thereby living a very high quality finish at that point of cutting. Before the laser cutter or the laser cutting machine, became to be used extensively. These kinds of laser machines are mostly used to drill holes on the material surface. Advanced technology later on was used to cut material surfaces for aerospace applications, which needed a very fine finish. The disadvantages of mechanical cutting on certain material surfaces gave room to the invention of laser cutting machines. The process of laser cutting has its own advantages over the mechanical cutting like easier, cutting, more precision, accuracy, no wear and tear and so on.
Basically, there are three types of laser cutting machines in which the carbon dioxide laser is the best suited for cutting, drilling, and engraving. The ND lasers are used where very high power is needed in case of cutting very thick sheet metal materials. However, both carbon dioxide lasers and ND lasers can be used for the purpose of welding. While carbon dioxide lasers are used for the industrial cutting of many materials, including titanium and stainless steel, the ND lasers are primarily used for cutting ceramics. The laser cutting machine are dependent on the type of a gas flow that is used in it.
The usual types of gases that are used in these machines are carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen, or a mixture of any of these. A laser cutting machine generates a good amount of heat within itself and hence requires a proper cooling process also. In most of the cases, water is commonly used as a coolant and is circulated during the process. A micro jet of water is integrated at a low pressure, which is used to perform laser cutting functions, which is also helpful in removing the debris and cooling the material.
Another advanced type of laser cutting machine is the fiber laser which is a solid state laser. Here the fiber technology is used to produce a laser beam which is then amplified and is known as fiber with a suitable wavelength. These lasers are very much suitable for cutting metals and metal sheets which reflect the light which is the main advantage of fiber laser cutting machine. Signvec is an organization that deals with laser cutting and engraving machine, known to have a number of advantages like less energy consumption, higher reliability, and performance, less maintenance, very low, operational cost and so on.
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