API Testing: The Definitive Guide

Maxim Churilov

Continuing our mini-series on backend testing, we’re diving deep into API testing to discover how it can increase apps’ quality without significantly raising the QA costs.

Almost any application relies on third-party APIs for some of its functionality, from signing in with Facebook to finding a location with Google Maps. But few teams spend enough efforts on API testing unless their APIs are public.

This can have disastrous consequences.

But no worries, this guide will teach you everything you need to know about API testing:

- What is API testing and why it’s important
- How is API testing done?
- Types of API tests
- Automation
- API testing tools

What is API testing and why it’s important

Application Programming Interfaces (API) is what allows developers to integrate features from other apps into their own products without having to build them from scratch.

This means users can log into your event management app via Facebook, find a venue they want on Google Maps, and buy a ticket via a booking service. All without leaving your app.

APIs enhance user experience and make developers’ life easier.

They can also connect different components of an app. In a microservices architecture, APIs glue together different modules, each having a separate database and interface. This means they can function independently and provide a higher uptime.

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With the advent of open APIs, new business opportunities are being created at the core of banking services.

Additionally, with the PSD2 directives deadline looming, banks need to ensure 24/7 availability of APIs to third-party providers.

theAsianbanker revealed that “one of the top banks in India implemented an API-based solution for its customer.

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When it comes to open API testing, banks will need to ensure integrations are performed and tested in the most extensive manner possible. During API testing, banks primarily will need to validate the data response and behavior of API requests. They will require design and test APIs aligned with critical business logic and processes. With usage of APIs, banks need to accept the input data in the form of structured request and provide responses. Banks can automate most parts of the API testing such as functional testing, generation of dynamic data, extensive regression testing, test scenarios covering the complete ecosystem, performance, ad hoc scenarios, and robust security testing.

A Markets and Markets research points out that “The global API testing market size is expected to grow from USD 447.4 Million in 2017 to USD 1,099.1 Million by 2022, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 19.69% during the forecast period. In the API testing market, the BFSI vertical is expected to grow at the highest rate during the forecast period. The open API movement in the banking industry which exposes a wide range of banking APIs with other businesses is driving the API test market.” So this points to the growing importance of the practice and the need to invest in automated API testing.

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