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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA is showing off a new image of Jupiter that was snapped with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope that shows intricate details of the clouds in Jupiter’s atmosphere.

The image seen here was snapped on June 27, 2019.

In the image, we can see the iconic Gret Red Spot that is a giant storm that has been raging on Jupiter for many decades.

One notable feature of the image is the vibrant color of the clouds moving towards the Great Red Spot.

The raging storm that is the Great Red Spot is itself about the diameter of Earth and rolls counterclockwise between two bands of clouds.

The image does confirm that the Great Red Spot is continuing to shrink as it has done for the last 150 years.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-10

NASA’s Mars 2020 rover has been been given an unusual eye exam to test the cameras it will use to “see” and navigate around the Martian surface.

There are a large number of cameras on board the rover for different purposes, including two Navcams, four Hazcams, the SuperCam and two Mastcam-Z cameras mounted to the rover’s central mast.

The Navcams, as the name suggests, are for navigation and collecting 3D panoramic information so the rover can find the best route through the rough Martian terrain.

These cameras also work alongside the Hazcams, which are part of the rover’s self-driving system for avoiding hazards.

The SuperCam is for the scientific investigation of rock and soil samples, and the Mastcam-Zs are for observing rocks and sediment within the rover’s field of view, which could help gather valuable geological data.

In order to test that the cameras were working correctly, the NASA engineers used an image testing board covered in a grid of dots, which you can see above on the right side of the image.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

Jupiter is always a stunner.

The streaky gas giant with its scenic swirls just posed for a fresh Hubble Space Telescope portrait.

It looks as lovely and wild as ever.

On Thursday, NASA shared the new Jupiter image, which was taken June 27.

The Great Red Spot is the star of the show.

It's a massive, mysterious storm that's been raging for hundreds of years.

collect
0
Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
img

NASA’s Curiosity rover, the machine that landed on Mars seven years ago, has sent back to Earth a series of images compiled into a bright high-resolution panorama.

Prominently featured in the 360-degree image, which NASA recently shared as an interactive video, is the Red Planet’s Teal Ridge surrounded by the dusty, barren Mars landscape.

In June, the Curiosity rover left a region on Mars that NASA calls the ‘pebble parking lot,’ one that is — as the name suggests — covered in small pebbles.

Beyond that area, the space agency says Curiosity started finding geologic features that grew in complexity, one of which was an outcropping dubbed “Teal Ridge.” Curiosity paused to capture a 360-degree panorama of this area and NASA has published it as the video below.

Following the rover’s panorama session, NASA says Curiosity was able to take close up images of a rock called “Strathdon” that is made from many layers of sediment forming hard, brittle, wavy rows (below).

NASA speculates that the ‘wavy’ nature of these layers hint at a ‘dynamic’ environment, one that may have involved flowing water or wind (or a combination of both).

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-10
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Bennu, the asteroid currently being explored by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft, will have its various features named after mythological birds and ‘bird-like creatures,’ according to NASA.

The decision was made by the International Astronomical Union Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature and NASA.

A variety of features on the asteroid will be named, including craters, rocks, boulders, trenches, grooves, ridges, and peaks.

Asteroid 101955 Bennu is a rocky carbonaceous asteroid that was discovered in late 1999.

NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission, which was launched in September 2016, will spend months studying the asteroid before ultimately descending to collect a 60g sample from the space rock’s surface.

At this point in time, the Bennu mission team has been tasked with finding potential sample sites.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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We might not get to see astronauts fly in a SpaceX Crew Dragon until next year, but preparations for that highly anticipated test flight are underway, including a recent space fashion show.

OK, so there was no catwalk or runway strutting, but NASA did share a few photos of astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley going through their "suit-up procedures" recently at SpaceX headquarters in Hawthorne, California.

We've seen this pair before getting familiar with the Crew Dragon, but this time they donned their new suits for a full launch day dry run, including SpaceX's ground operators.

The goal was to practice all the steps that will go down before a Falcon 9 rocket propels the pair from Kennedy Space Center in Florida to an eventual docking with the International Space Station.

Inside the Crew Dragon simulator, the team also ran through several emergency scenarios.

Crew Dragon is one of two new spacecraft, along with Boeing's Starliner, that NASA has selected for its Commercial Crew program, The aim is to return human spaceflight launches to American soil for the first time since the end of the space shuttle era.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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A good night’s sleep is a key aspect of human health, and this is especially true for astronauts working in the ultra-demanding environment of space.

After a long day of floating around in microgravity doing experiments, astronauts on the International Space Station retire to their sleep station, which is little more than a closet, for some shut-eye.

Inside the sleep station is a sleeping bag and laptop strapped to the wall, as well as some personal effects, like photos of an astronaut’s family or memorabilia from a favorite sports team.

It’s a far cry from the spacious beds we have on Earth, but it’s still better than the shared sleeping compartment on the space shuttle, which Mike Massimino, a former NASA astronaut, describes as “a big slumber party.” The trick, Massimino says, was to remember to strap your sleeping bag to the wall so your body wouldn’t drift around during the night.

But even when they’re strapped in, astronauts’ arms tend to float out in front of them while they sleep, making them look like tired zombies.

Astronauts are allotted an eight-hour period for sleep each night and are often expected to keep a log of their sleep schedule so scientists can learn how spaceflight affects this basic human function.

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0
Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

The Curiosity team is calling it “Strathdon”—a boulder-sized Martian rock comprised of dozens of sedimentary layers.

Its discovery suggests the area being explored by the NASA rover is more geologically complex than is typically appreciated.

For the past several months, Curiosity has been exploring a region called the “clay-bearing unit” within Gale Crater.

This area, located along the slope of Mount Sharp, once featured lakes and streams, the remnants of which now appear in the form of clay mineral deposits.

By exploring this region, scientists are hoping to catch a glimpse of Mars’ ancient past, when the Red Planet was able to maintain liquid water on the surface—and possibly even life.

Dubbed “Strathdon” by the Curiosity team, the brittle rock looks like a gigantic chunk of baklava, with its tiered, wavy rows.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA currently has two tiny CubeSats located in low-Earth orbit, both powered by steam and about the size of an ordinary tissue box.

These small satellites recently established a link with each other while miles apart, ultimately resulting in one CubeSat successfully instructing the other on how to maneuver itself.

A CubeSat is a cube-shaped miniature satellite that is typically inexpensive to construct and easy to deploy.

Many of these CubeSats can be found in low-Earth orbit for a variety of purposes, including ones created by higher education institutions for academic projects.

NASA has two CubeSats in low-Earth orbit as part of its Optical Communications and Sensor Demonstration mission.

The mission reached a new milestone on June 21, according to NASA, which says it demonstrated for the first time that one CubeSat in low-Earth orbit can be used to coordinate the maneuver of a different CubeSat.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA’s ambitious plan to put humans back on the moon by 2024 means there’s plenty of prep work ahead for the space agency.

An important part of that work is ensuring that the Orion spacecraft, which is set to transport the astronauts to Earth’s nearest neighbor, can handle every conceivable scenario during its challenging journey of more than 220,000 miles.

A test earlier this week at White Sands Test Facility near Las Cruces, New Mexico, saw NASA put Orion’s propulsion system through its paces for a full 12 minutes in a simulation of what the space agency described as “one of the most taxing situations the spacecraft’s engines could encounter after launch.”

Known as an “abort-to-orbit scenario,” it’s what would happen if the spacecraft failed to get on the correct path toward the moon, and requires the Orion service module’s main engine to fire in an effort to take the spacecraft into a safe, temporary orbit around Earth.

Such an orbit would give Mission Control and the astronauts enough time to evaluate the situation before deciding whether to continue with an alternate mission profile or set a course for a return to Earth.

The ground-based test involved firing Orion’s main engine on the service module, as well as all eight of its auxiliary engines simultaneously.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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An amateur astronomer caught something spectacular with a backyard telescope Wednesday when he recorded a bright flash on the surface of Jupiter.

The biggest planet in the solar system routinely delivers stunning pictures, like those snapped by NASA's Juno spacecraft, but the unexpected flash has astronomers excited at the possibility of a meteor impact.

Ethan Chappel pointed his telescope at the gas giant planet at just the right time, capturing the white spot seen on the lower left side of the planet in the above images on Aug. 7.

While it has yet to be confirmed by a second observer, it looks like a large asteroid crashing into the gas giant planet.

The flash is brief and quickly fades away, boosting the idea that it was likely caused by an impact.

"Another impact on Jupiter today!"

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has provided scientists with some incredible photographs of the distant universe, but it can't see Populations of galaxies from the very early universe are invisible to Hubble "eyes", so spotting them requires a different set of peepers.

An international collaboration of researchers have used the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile as those eyes, looking back at the early universe and finding ancient galaxies that could reveal more about the nature of dark matter and supermassive black holes.

The research, published in the journal Nature on Aug. 7, found 39 ancient, huge galaxies from around 2 billion years after the dawn of the universe which aren't bright enough to see in the visible light spectrum.

By using ALMA and NASA's Spitzer space telescope, which observe the universe in infrared wavelengths, the research team were able to confirm the existence of the galaxies they suspected were hiding out at the farthest edges of the cosmos.

"The light from these galaxies is very faint with long wavelengths invisible to our eyes and undetectable by Hubble," explained Kotaro Kohno, a co-author on the paper and researcher at the University of Tokyo, in a press release.

On top of that, they are incredibly dusty, huge galaxies, which obscures them from Hubble's view.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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NOAA-NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured this image using NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Worldview application on Aug. 08, 2019 and it shows Supertyphoon Lekima heading towards the coast of China as Typhoon Krosa brings up the rear moving slowly towards Japan.

Typhoon Krosa is currently located 167 nautical miles southwest of Iwo To, Japan.

It is slowly tracking northeastward at one knot over the past six hours making it quasi-stationary as it intensified and maintained its 14 nautical mile eye.

Krosa's winds are steady at approximately 100 knots (115 mph) which on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale would make this storm just over the Category 3 designation.

Like Lekima, Krosa is able to intensify due to low vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures in the area of 30 degrees C (86 degrees F) both of which are favorable to typhoon development and intensification.

For the time being, Krosa will remain quasi-stationary and continue to intensify for the next 12 hours.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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"I had always imagined myself working in the automotive or space industry when I was an undergraduate," she said.

This summer, 22 UCR undergraduates were accepted as interns at the lab as a part of the Fellowships and Internships in Extremely Large Data Sets, or FIELDS, program sponsored by a NASA grant to UC Riverside, and are performing research under the guidance of JPL scientists.

In addition, six students are interning with scientists at other NASA centers.

"Twenty-two students interning at JPL is a record number for UCR," said Bahram Mobasher, a professor of physics and observational astronomy who leads the FIELDS program at UCR.

Now in its fourth year, the program involves rigorous research and training in STEM fields and working with large amounts of data.

"The FIELDS program has become better known on campus, with more student wanting to benefit from the opportunities it provides," he said.

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USM BUSINESS SYSTEMS 2019-09-04
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                            Since we can’t travel billions of years back in time not yet, anyways one of the best ways to understand how our universe evolved is to create computer simulations of the process using what we do know about it.

Most of those simulations fall into one of two categories: slow and more accurate, or fast and less accurate. But now, an international team of researchers has built an AI Services that can quickly generate highly-accurate, three-dimensional simulations of the universe even when they tweak parameters the system wasn’t trained on.

“It’s like teaching image recognition software with lots of pictures of cats and dogs, but then it’s able to recognize elephants,” researcher Shirley Ho said in a press release. “Nobody knows how it does this, and it’s a great mystery to be solved.”

Speedy System

The scientists Explained in detailed way how they created this universe simulator, which they’ve named the Deep Density Displacement Model (D3M), in a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

The goal was to teach D3M how to model the way gravity shapes the universe. To that end, they started by feeding the system 8,000 different gravity-focused simulations created by a highly accurate existing universe simulator.

That system needed 300 computation hours to create just one of its simulations, but after training on the data, D3M was able to produce its own simulations of a cube universe 600 million light-years across in just 30 milliseconds. Those simulations were more accurate than those of the existing “fast” systems, which need a couple of minutes to create a simulation. 

Knowledge Gap

But speed isn’t the most remarkable thing about D3M.

That would be its ability to accurately simulate what the universe would look like even if the researchers changed parameters that weren’t included in its training data. For example, they could tweak the percent of dark matter in their universe, and D3M could accurately simulate that universe’s evolution.

In addition to helping physicists like how better understand the universe’s evolution, this strange behavior has the potential to help computer scientists better understand AI.

“We can be an interesting playground for a machine learner to use to see why this model extrapolates so well, why it extrapolates to elephants instead of just recognizing cats and dogs. “It’s a two-way street between science and deep learning.”

Artificial intelligence changing the rhythm of satellite communication

Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become a popular phenomenon in automation. If we talk about satellite communication, we know that maintaining a satellite every time is a big thing, because security, data and information are carried by the satellite and it is a major harm in the world. At any time, the satellite could be attacked, or even in its basement. What does the situation look like for ongoing missions? What facilities need to be high priority to take action and protect? Specific algorithms to compensate for those situations must include some technology that identifies problems based on past, present, and future approaches, and if taken into account, it will take immediate action. We know we cannot automate the whole thing, but some things can be controlled by artificial intelligence.

Real-time satellite communication decisions and seamless satellite control are difficult to manage and changing the space environment is prevented from proper satellite communication, which is now operated by NASA. The recent development of cognitive technology is a new excitement in the construction of satellite communications systems. If we talk about satellite broadcasts, Wide Network Solutions is a leading provider of advanced satellite communication system with fiber optic transmission, satellite monitoring services and more.

NASA has introduced Cognitive Radio, an intelligent and adaptive network technology that can detect available channels wirelessly and modify broadcast parameters to simultaneously run most communications and improve radio operating behavior. For NASA, the space environment presents complex challenges that can reduce cognitive radio. NASA Principal Investigator Janet C. Klein on the Cognitive Communication Project at the Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. By applying artificial intelligence and machine learning, satellites control these systems smoothly, making real-time decisions without waiting for instruction. "

 

According to AI researchers, astronomers have more foresight, and machine learning algorithms can more quickly detect debris that comets leave in their wake. If we accelerate the meteor's analysis, we can detect distant orbits, but these are dangerous comets. NASA has sponsored this artificial intelligence pilot research program. NASA is working with defense and machine learning researchers. So, it helps with space operations as well as it reinforces security parameters for defense.

To implement AI-based technology in space communications, many tests are underway and various projects are underway. Researchers are also predicting drone handicrafts that can fly to the exoplanets. But, for that matter, handicrafts can endure years of solitary travel and can cope with and respond to ever-changing, extremely unpredictable conditions. From temperature differences to cosmic objects.

A research is also underway to predict solar storms by using AI tools to analyze data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory. After finding the relationships between corona and magnetic activity in the photo-sphere, we can determine the coronal mass ejections and the cause of the flare. There are many more projects going on and we are sure the revolution will come very soon. Artificial intelligence, cognitive automation and machine learning enhance the way we deal with satellite communication and space technology.

The NASA spacecraft usually relies on human-controlled radio systems to communicate with the Earth. As space data collection grows, NASA Cognitive Radio will incorporate artificial intelligence into space communications networks, meet demand and increase efficiency.

"Modern space communications systems use sophisticated software to support science and exploration," said Janet C. Klein, lead researcher at the Cognitive-Communication Project at NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. Said Briones. "By applying artificial intelligence and machine learning, satellites control these systems smoothly, making real-time decisions without waiting for instruction."

To understand cognitive radio, it is easy to get started with land-based applications. U.S. In, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocates parts of the electromagnetic spectrum used for communications to various customers. For example, the FCC allocates spectrum to cell service, satellite radio, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and more. The spectrum is divided into a limited number of taps connected to the water main.

 

What happens when there are no faucets left in the faucet? How does the device access the electromagnetic spectrum when all the taps are taken?

Software-defined radios such as Cognitive Radio use artificial intelligence to use the lower parts of the electromagnetic spectrum without human intervention. These “white spaces” are currently unused but already licensed, of the spectrum. The FCC allows a cognitive radio to use its primary user's unused frequency until the user is reactivated.

In terms of our metaphorical watering hole, cognitive radio draws on the water that is wasted. Cognitive radio can use most of the "faucet" regardless of the frequency of the "faucet." Cognitive radio shifts from one white spot to another, using electromagnetic spigots when they become available.

“The recent development of cognitive technology is new excitement in the construction of communication systems,” says Briones. "We see these technologies make our communication networks more in-depth and resilient for missions exploring the depths of space.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA's Aqua satellite provided infrared and visible views of Typhoon Lekima as it was approaching landfall in China.

On Aug. 9 at 12:41 a.m. EDT (441 UTC) the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder or AIRS instrument aboard NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed Lekima's cloud top temperatures in infrared light.

The stronger the storms, the higher they extend into the troposphere, and they have the colder cloud temperatures.

AIRS found coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 53 degrees Celsius) around the eye and in thick bands of thunderstorms wrapping into the center from the north and southeast.

On Aug 9 at 12:45 a.m. EDT (0445 UTC), the Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer or MODIS instrument that also flies aboard NASA's Aqua satellite provided visible views of powerful Typhoon Lekima affecting China.

The satellite showed a clear, small, rounded eye surrounded by a thick, powerful ring of thunderstorms and a large band of thunderstorms extending north of the center.

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
img

NASA is showing off a new image of Jupiter that was snapped with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope that shows intricate details of the clouds in Jupiter’s atmosphere.

The image seen here was snapped on June 27, 2019.

In the image, we can see the iconic Gret Red Spot that is a giant storm that has been raging on Jupiter for many decades.

One notable feature of the image is the vibrant color of the clouds moving towards the Great Red Spot.

The raging storm that is the Great Red Spot is itself about the diameter of Earth and rolls counterclockwise between two bands of clouds.

The image does confirm that the Great Red Spot is continuing to shrink as it has done for the last 150 years.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

Jupiter is always a stunner.

The streaky gas giant with its scenic swirls just posed for a fresh Hubble Space Telescope portrait.

It looks as lovely and wild as ever.

On Thursday, NASA shared the new Jupiter image, which was taken June 27.

The Great Red Spot is the star of the show.

It's a massive, mysterious storm that's been raging for hundreds of years.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-10
img

Bennu, the asteroid currently being explored by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft, will have its various features named after mythological birds and ‘bird-like creatures,’ according to NASA.

The decision was made by the International Astronomical Union Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature and NASA.

A variety of features on the asteroid will be named, including craters, rocks, boulders, trenches, grooves, ridges, and peaks.

Asteroid 101955 Bennu is a rocky carbonaceous asteroid that was discovered in late 1999.

NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission, which was launched in September 2016, will spend months studying the asteroid before ultimately descending to collect a 60g sample from the space rock’s surface.

At this point in time, the Bennu mission team has been tasked with finding potential sample sites.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

A good night’s sleep is a key aspect of human health, and this is especially true for astronauts working in the ultra-demanding environment of space.

After a long day of floating around in microgravity doing experiments, astronauts on the International Space Station retire to their sleep station, which is little more than a closet, for some shut-eye.

Inside the sleep station is a sleeping bag and laptop strapped to the wall, as well as some personal effects, like photos of an astronaut’s family or memorabilia from a favorite sports team.

It’s a far cry from the spacious beds we have on Earth, but it’s still better than the shared sleeping compartment on the space shuttle, which Mike Massimino, a former NASA astronaut, describes as “a big slumber party.” The trick, Massimino says, was to remember to strap your sleeping bag to the wall so your body wouldn’t drift around during the night.

But even when they’re strapped in, astronauts’ arms tend to float out in front of them while they sleep, making them look like tired zombies.

Astronauts are allotted an eight-hour period for sleep each night and are often expected to keep a log of their sleep schedule so scientists can learn how spaceflight affects this basic human function.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
img

NASA currently has two tiny CubeSats located in low-Earth orbit, both powered by steam and about the size of an ordinary tissue box.

These small satellites recently established a link with each other while miles apart, ultimately resulting in one CubeSat successfully instructing the other on how to maneuver itself.

A CubeSat is a cube-shaped miniature satellite that is typically inexpensive to construct and easy to deploy.

Many of these CubeSats can be found in low-Earth orbit for a variety of purposes, including ones created by higher education institutions for academic projects.

NASA has two CubeSats in low-Earth orbit as part of its Optical Communications and Sensor Demonstration mission.

The mission reached a new milestone on June 21, according to NASA, which says it demonstrated for the first time that one CubeSat in low-Earth orbit can be used to coordinate the maneuver of a different CubeSat.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

An amateur astronomer caught something spectacular with a backyard telescope Wednesday when he recorded a bright flash on the surface of Jupiter.

The biggest planet in the solar system routinely delivers stunning pictures, like those snapped by NASA's Juno spacecraft, but the unexpected flash has astronomers excited at the possibility of a meteor impact.

Ethan Chappel pointed his telescope at the gas giant planet at just the right time, capturing the white spot seen on the lower left side of the planet in the above images on Aug. 7.

While it has yet to be confirmed by a second observer, it looks like a large asteroid crashing into the gas giant planet.

The flash is brief and quickly fades away, boosting the idea that it was likely caused by an impact.

"Another impact on Jupiter today!"

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
img

NOAA-NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured this image using NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Worldview application on Aug. 08, 2019 and it shows Supertyphoon Lekima heading towards the coast of China as Typhoon Krosa brings up the rear moving slowly towards Japan.

Typhoon Krosa is currently located 167 nautical miles southwest of Iwo To, Japan.

It is slowly tracking northeastward at one knot over the past six hours making it quasi-stationary as it intensified and maintained its 14 nautical mile eye.

Krosa's winds are steady at approximately 100 knots (115 mph) which on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale would make this storm just over the Category 3 designation.

Like Lekima, Krosa is able to intensify due to low vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures in the area of 30 degrees C (86 degrees F) both of which are favorable to typhoon development and intensification.

For the time being, Krosa will remain quasi-stationary and continue to intensify for the next 12 hours.

USM BUSINESS SYSTEMS 2019-09-04
img

                            Since we can’t travel billions of years back in time not yet, anyways one of the best ways to understand how our universe evolved is to create computer simulations of the process using what we do know about it.

Most of those simulations fall into one of two categories: slow and more accurate, or fast and less accurate. But now, an international team of researchers has built an AI Services that can quickly generate highly-accurate, three-dimensional simulations of the universe even when they tweak parameters the system wasn’t trained on.

“It’s like teaching image recognition software with lots of pictures of cats and dogs, but then it’s able to recognize elephants,” researcher Shirley Ho said in a press release. “Nobody knows how it does this, and it’s a great mystery to be solved.”

Speedy System

The scientists Explained in detailed way how they created this universe simulator, which they’ve named the Deep Density Displacement Model (D3M), in a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

The goal was to teach D3M how to model the way gravity shapes the universe. To that end, they started by feeding the system 8,000 different gravity-focused simulations created by a highly accurate existing universe simulator.

That system needed 300 computation hours to create just one of its simulations, but after training on the data, D3M was able to produce its own simulations of a cube universe 600 million light-years across in just 30 milliseconds. Those simulations were more accurate than those of the existing “fast” systems, which need a couple of minutes to create a simulation. 

Knowledge Gap

But speed isn’t the most remarkable thing about D3M.

That would be its ability to accurately simulate what the universe would look like even if the researchers changed parameters that weren’t included in its training data. For example, they could tweak the percent of dark matter in their universe, and D3M could accurately simulate that universe’s evolution.

In addition to helping physicists like how better understand the universe’s evolution, this strange behavior has the potential to help computer scientists better understand AI.

“We can be an interesting playground for a machine learner to use to see why this model extrapolates so well, why it extrapolates to elephants instead of just recognizing cats and dogs. “It’s a two-way street between science and deep learning.”

Artificial intelligence changing the rhythm of satellite communication

Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become a popular phenomenon in automation. If we talk about satellite communication, we know that maintaining a satellite every time is a big thing, because security, data and information are carried by the satellite and it is a major harm in the world. At any time, the satellite could be attacked, or even in its basement. What does the situation look like for ongoing missions? What facilities need to be high priority to take action and protect? Specific algorithms to compensate for those situations must include some technology that identifies problems based on past, present, and future approaches, and if taken into account, it will take immediate action. We know we cannot automate the whole thing, but some things can be controlled by artificial intelligence.

Real-time satellite communication decisions and seamless satellite control are difficult to manage and changing the space environment is prevented from proper satellite communication, which is now operated by NASA. The recent development of cognitive technology is a new excitement in the construction of satellite communications systems. If we talk about satellite broadcasts, Wide Network Solutions is a leading provider of advanced satellite communication system with fiber optic transmission, satellite monitoring services and more.

NASA has introduced Cognitive Radio, an intelligent and adaptive network technology that can detect available channels wirelessly and modify broadcast parameters to simultaneously run most communications and improve radio operating behavior. For NASA, the space environment presents complex challenges that can reduce cognitive radio. NASA Principal Investigator Janet C. Klein on the Cognitive Communication Project at the Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. By applying artificial intelligence and machine learning, satellites control these systems smoothly, making real-time decisions without waiting for instruction. "

 

According to AI researchers, astronomers have more foresight, and machine learning algorithms can more quickly detect debris that comets leave in their wake. If we accelerate the meteor's analysis, we can detect distant orbits, but these are dangerous comets. NASA has sponsored this artificial intelligence pilot research program. NASA is working with defense and machine learning researchers. So, it helps with space operations as well as it reinforces security parameters for defense.

To implement AI-based technology in space communications, many tests are underway and various projects are underway. Researchers are also predicting drone handicrafts that can fly to the exoplanets. But, for that matter, handicrafts can endure years of solitary travel and can cope with and respond to ever-changing, extremely unpredictable conditions. From temperature differences to cosmic objects.

A research is also underway to predict solar storms by using AI tools to analyze data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory. After finding the relationships between corona and magnetic activity in the photo-sphere, we can determine the coronal mass ejections and the cause of the flare. There are many more projects going on and we are sure the revolution will come very soon. Artificial intelligence, cognitive automation and machine learning enhance the way we deal with satellite communication and space technology.

The NASA spacecraft usually relies on human-controlled radio systems to communicate with the Earth. As space data collection grows, NASA Cognitive Radio will incorporate artificial intelligence into space communications networks, meet demand and increase efficiency.

"Modern space communications systems use sophisticated software to support science and exploration," said Janet C. Klein, lead researcher at the Cognitive-Communication Project at NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. Said Briones. "By applying artificial intelligence and machine learning, satellites control these systems smoothly, making real-time decisions without waiting for instruction."

To understand cognitive radio, it is easy to get started with land-based applications. U.S. In, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocates parts of the electromagnetic spectrum used for communications to various customers. For example, the FCC allocates spectrum to cell service, satellite radio, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and more. The spectrum is divided into a limited number of taps connected to the water main.

 

What happens when there are no faucets left in the faucet? How does the device access the electromagnetic spectrum when all the taps are taken?

Software-defined radios such as Cognitive Radio use artificial intelligence to use the lower parts of the electromagnetic spectrum without human intervention. These “white spaces” are currently unused but already licensed, of the spectrum. The FCC allows a cognitive radio to use its primary user's unused frequency until the user is reactivated.

In terms of our metaphorical watering hole, cognitive radio draws on the water that is wasted. Cognitive radio can use most of the "faucet" regardless of the frequency of the "faucet." Cognitive radio shifts from one white spot to another, using electromagnetic spigots when they become available.

“The recent development of cognitive technology is new excitement in the construction of communication systems,” says Briones. "We see these technologies make our communication networks more in-depth and resilient for missions exploring the depths of space.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Geekz Snow 2019-08-10

NASA’s Mars 2020 rover has been been given an unusual eye exam to test the cameras it will use to “see” and navigate around the Martian surface.

There are a large number of cameras on board the rover for different purposes, including two Navcams, four Hazcams, the SuperCam and two Mastcam-Z cameras mounted to the rover’s central mast.

The Navcams, as the name suggests, are for navigation and collecting 3D panoramic information so the rover can find the best route through the rough Martian terrain.

These cameras also work alongside the Hazcams, which are part of the rover’s self-driving system for avoiding hazards.

The SuperCam is for the scientific investigation of rock and soil samples, and the Mastcam-Zs are for observing rocks and sediment within the rover’s field of view, which could help gather valuable geological data.

In order to test that the cameras were working correctly, the NASA engineers used an image testing board covered in a grid of dots, which you can see above on the right side of the image.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA’s Curiosity rover, the machine that landed on Mars seven years ago, has sent back to Earth a series of images compiled into a bright high-resolution panorama.

Prominently featured in the 360-degree image, which NASA recently shared as an interactive video, is the Red Planet’s Teal Ridge surrounded by the dusty, barren Mars landscape.

In June, the Curiosity rover left a region on Mars that NASA calls the ‘pebble parking lot,’ one that is — as the name suggests — covered in small pebbles.

Beyond that area, the space agency says Curiosity started finding geologic features that grew in complexity, one of which was an outcropping dubbed “Teal Ridge.” Curiosity paused to capture a 360-degree panorama of this area and NASA has published it as the video below.

Following the rover’s panorama session, NASA says Curiosity was able to take close up images of a rock called “Strathdon” that is made from many layers of sediment forming hard, brittle, wavy rows (below).

NASA speculates that the ‘wavy’ nature of these layers hint at a ‘dynamic’ environment, one that may have involved flowing water or wind (or a combination of both).

Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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We might not get to see astronauts fly in a SpaceX Crew Dragon until next year, but preparations for that highly anticipated test flight are underway, including a recent space fashion show.

OK, so there was no catwalk or runway strutting, but NASA did share a few photos of astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley going through their "suit-up procedures" recently at SpaceX headquarters in Hawthorne, California.

We've seen this pair before getting familiar with the Crew Dragon, but this time they donned their new suits for a full launch day dry run, including SpaceX's ground operators.

The goal was to practice all the steps that will go down before a Falcon 9 rocket propels the pair from Kennedy Space Center in Florida to an eventual docking with the International Space Station.

Inside the Crew Dragon simulator, the team also ran through several emergency scenarios.

Crew Dragon is one of two new spacecraft, along with Boeing's Starliner, that NASA has selected for its Commercial Crew program, The aim is to return human spaceflight launches to American soil for the first time since the end of the space shuttle era.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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The Curiosity team is calling it “Strathdon”—a boulder-sized Martian rock comprised of dozens of sedimentary layers.

Its discovery suggests the area being explored by the NASA rover is more geologically complex than is typically appreciated.

For the past several months, Curiosity has been exploring a region called the “clay-bearing unit” within Gale Crater.

This area, located along the slope of Mount Sharp, once featured lakes and streams, the remnants of which now appear in the form of clay mineral deposits.

By exploring this region, scientists are hoping to catch a glimpse of Mars’ ancient past, when the Red Planet was able to maintain liquid water on the surface—and possibly even life.

Dubbed “Strathdon” by the Curiosity team, the brittle rock looks like a gigantic chunk of baklava, with its tiered, wavy rows.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA’s ambitious plan to put humans back on the moon by 2024 means there’s plenty of prep work ahead for the space agency.

An important part of that work is ensuring that the Orion spacecraft, which is set to transport the astronauts to Earth’s nearest neighbor, can handle every conceivable scenario during its challenging journey of more than 220,000 miles.

A test earlier this week at White Sands Test Facility near Las Cruces, New Mexico, saw NASA put Orion’s propulsion system through its paces for a full 12 minutes in a simulation of what the space agency described as “one of the most taxing situations the spacecraft’s engines could encounter after launch.”

Known as an “abort-to-orbit scenario,” it’s what would happen if the spacecraft failed to get on the correct path toward the moon, and requires the Orion service module’s main engine to fire in an effort to take the spacecraft into a safe, temporary orbit around Earth.

Such an orbit would give Mission Control and the astronauts enough time to evaluate the situation before deciding whether to continue with an alternate mission profile or set a course for a return to Earth.

The ground-based test involved firing Orion’s main engine on the service module, as well as all eight of its auxiliary engines simultaneously.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has provided scientists with some incredible photographs of the distant universe, but it can't see Populations of galaxies from the very early universe are invisible to Hubble "eyes", so spotting them requires a different set of peepers.

An international collaboration of researchers have used the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile as those eyes, looking back at the early universe and finding ancient galaxies that could reveal more about the nature of dark matter and supermassive black holes.

The research, published in the journal Nature on Aug. 7, found 39 ancient, huge galaxies from around 2 billion years after the dawn of the universe which aren't bright enough to see in the visible light spectrum.

By using ALMA and NASA's Spitzer space telescope, which observe the universe in infrared wavelengths, the research team were able to confirm the existence of the galaxies they suspected were hiding out at the farthest edges of the cosmos.

"The light from these galaxies is very faint with long wavelengths invisible to our eyes and undetectable by Hubble," explained Kotaro Kohno, a co-author on the paper and researcher at the University of Tokyo, in a press release.

On top of that, they are incredibly dusty, huge galaxies, which obscures them from Hubble's view.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-08
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"I had always imagined myself working in the automotive or space industry when I was an undergraduate," she said.

This summer, 22 UCR undergraduates were accepted as interns at the lab as a part of the Fellowships and Internships in Extremely Large Data Sets, or FIELDS, program sponsored by a NASA grant to UC Riverside, and are performing research under the guidance of JPL scientists.

In addition, six students are interning with scientists at other NASA centers.

"Twenty-two students interning at JPL is a record number for UCR," said Bahram Mobasher, a professor of physics and observational astronomy who leads the FIELDS program at UCR.

Now in its fourth year, the program involves rigorous research and training in STEM fields and working with large amounts of data.

"The FIELDS program has become better known on campus, with more student wanting to benefit from the opportunities it provides," he said.

Geekz Snow 2019-08-09
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NASA's Aqua satellite provided infrared and visible views of Typhoon Lekima as it was approaching landfall in China.

On Aug. 9 at 12:41 a.m. EDT (441 UTC) the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder or AIRS instrument aboard NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed Lekima's cloud top temperatures in infrared light.

The stronger the storms, the higher they extend into the troposphere, and they have the colder cloud temperatures.

AIRS found coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 53 degrees Celsius) around the eye and in thick bands of thunderstorms wrapping into the center from the north and southeast.

On Aug 9 at 12:45 a.m. EDT (0445 UTC), the Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer or MODIS instrument that also flies aboard NASA's Aqua satellite provided visible views of powerful Typhoon Lekima affecting China.

The satellite showed a clear, small, rounded eye surrounded by a thick, powerful ring of thunderstorms and a large band of thunderstorms extending north of the center.

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