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An Detail Guide on What are Cryptocurrencies

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Sofia Sienna
An Detail Guide on What are Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies or “crypto” are digital assets that can be exchanged the same way as actual currency. They exist purely as pieces of data or online units people use to purchase goods and services. In other words, they are virtual currency.


The only difference between cryptocurrencies and actual money is that they operate independently and are decentralized. This means that they do not rely on banks to verify transactions. Investing in this virtual currency is

a good option and works a side hustle and provides a good return for your investment.


Instead, these digital assets are primarily distributed among other cryptocurrency users through the internet. And with their virtual nature, cryptocurrencies are made up of digital coins secured through cryptography. Every digital coin has a unique line of code that’s easy to track and almost impossible to counterfeit or spend twice. 


Bitcoin (BTC) was the first cryptocurrency to be created. It was introduced when Satoshi Nakamoto published a whitepaper in 2008 detailing everything about bitcoin and blockchain technology.


Today, there are thousands of cryptocurrencies on the market. Ethereum, Cardano, Litecoin, XRP, and Dogecoin are a few examples. These coins are often known as altcoins as they are considered alternatives to bitcoin.


With the proliferation of cryptocurrencies, the rise of online brokers has been witnessed. Binance and Coinbase are examples of platforms that allow you to purchase cryptocurrencies.


How Do Cryptocurrencies Work?


Cryptocurrencies function much like how other payment systems such as credit card works. The difference is, you’re buying goods and services using digital assets instead of US dollars. 


To trade using cryptocurrencies, you must exchange digital coins with a seller or a peer using a cryptocurrency wallet. This digital wallet is software that facilitates the transfer of funds between different accounts. 


But for the transaction to be processed, you need to authorize it using a password known as a private key. When you purchase cryptocurrency, you are given a private key. 


The private key works like a bank account; you can have several and own the cryptocurrencies sent to them. 

Your transaction will then be recorded on a public ledger showing all the particulars of the trade. The ledger is powered by blockchain technology. 


How Does Blockchain Technology Power Cryptocurrencies?


At its basic level, a blockchain is a peer-to-peer public ledger that power most cryptocurrencies. Different cryptos run on different blockchain technology. 


For example, bitcoin runs on bitcoin technology, whereas Ethereum is built on the Ethereum blockchain. This is just like NFTs which also leverage blockchain technology. 


As a ledger, blockchain technology is decentralized. It is maintained over the internet and is public, meaning anyone can view it at any time. It is also not tied to any central bank, government, or financial institution.


The technology allows data sharing across the globe to verify transactions and prevent the double spending of cryptocurrencies.


The shared data is recorded across different computers on a network. Every computer on a network is called a node, and it verifies and stores the cryptocurrency data. An illustration of blockchain decentralization and how it differs from centralized and distributed systems.


Every time a new transaction is completed, they are piled into a “block” of data. The block is then added to the chain. The entire ledger is updated as new transactions are made. 


How Are Cryptocurrencies Created?


Crypto coins are entered into circulation through a process called cryptocurrency mining. This process involves solving cryptographic puzzles and verifying them using high-powered hardware. 

Although slow and costly, many investors engage in it because they are rewarded with crypto tokens. 

The process of verification is based on different techniques. Two of the most common ones include:


Proof of work (PoW) is the oldest consensus algorithm []. Bitcoin uses this verification method. 


In PoW, miners compete to solve the cryptographic puzzle. The first computer to verify the answer receives the next block of cryptocurrency and transaction fees. Then the process starts all over again.


Over time, as the computing power of the network increases, the puzzle becomes more challenging to solve. For example, a 51% attack on a math problem can only be solved with 51% of the network’s processing power. This is why bitcoin is a headache to crack.


Also abbreviated as PoS, this consensus algorithm doesn’t require computers to verify transactions. Instead, random selection is used to choose a cryptocurrency validator.


However, the choice is based on the computer’s (node) coin balance. Higher stakes increase your chance of being selected. Once selected, you will confirm the next block of crypto and receive rewards.


Binance Smart Chain (BSC), a token of the Binance Chain blockchain technology, uses proof of stake. Only a total of 21 BSC validators are allowed at a given time. These validators are chosen depending on the amount of crypto they stake. 


Solana also uses staking to choose validators. The more stake a validator delegates, the higher their chances of being selected to write new transactions on the blockchain.


Solana and BSC also power different tokens, including Wizardia ($WZRD). If you are a Wizardia enthusiast, you can bridge the $WZRD tokens to BSC and Solana.


Why Should You Care About Cryptocurrencies? 


Since its humble beginnings, the cryptocurrency ecosystem and blockchain technology have grown into a billion-dollar industry. Cryptocurrencies alone have a total market cap of more than $1 trillion.


The technology is open source and has led to some profound innovations. Blockchain technology remains increasingly appealing as the world moves to enhance data privacy and digital identity. 


Blockchain has revolutionized the way people transact and communicate online. Being decentralized, users have a greater sense of ownership. For example, when users purchase cryptocurrencies, they gain a “stake” in the network.

Meanwhile, purchasing cryptocurrencies is secure, private, and can be used to hedge against inflation.

 

Many investors have likened it to investments in gold. Much like the precious metal, cryptocurrencies are limited in supply. There is always a cap on mining crypto.


But as grand as the investment sounds, cryptocurrencies have their fair share of setbacks. Not all cryptos are immune to hacking. Also, when you lose your private keys or wallet passwords, you’re locked out of your account and lose your money.


What Should You Consider Before Investing in Cryptocurrencies?


There is no silver bullet to amassing yields by investing in cryptocurrencies. But to be on the safe side, consider the following:

  • Data – Since crypto is built on openness, the industry outputs massive data. Look at the coin’s market capitalization. This is the total value of all the coins or tokens that have been mined. It can help you choose which crypto to invest in.


  • Use cases – Look at the number of active users each cryptocurrency has. Also, consider what those users are doing on the network. This will help you determine the level of adoption of a new protocol from individuals and businesses.


  • Developer activity – A cryptocurrency with a larger developer ecosystem means better projects. It also means a robust team of individuals working to improve it. 


  • The team – It is always important to consider the people behind a cryptocurrency project. Many developers like to stay anonymous. This gives them a leeway to disappear on investors after achieving a particular goal. 


That said, it is essential to remember that cryptocurrencies are slightly over a decade old. Plus, it is faced with constantly changing regulations. So, it would be wise to approach with caution. 

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