The folk music of Assam possesses a wealth that matches the state's vibrant culture. Its richness is evident in the diverse array of folk music types, each reflecting the lives of the folk people. Assamese music has flourished since the emergence of the mighty Brahmaputra River. Furthermore, the infusion of Indian classical music and religious music by Mahapurux Sankardeva and Madhavdeva has adorned the crown of Assamese folk music with precious gems. This musical heritage dates back several centuries, with evidence of musical practices dating as far back as the 2nd century.
The richness of Assam's folk music encompasses various types, some of which are renowned. These include:
Bihu Geet: The Bihu festival lies at the heart and soul of Assamese culture, and Bihugeet represents the songs sung during this festive occasion. Bihu songs express the joyous carnival of life. Youthful performers engage in lively hand movements, energetic footwork, and rhythmic hip swaying.
Kamrupiya Lokageet: Kamrupiya Lokageet is a popular form of Assamese folk music primarily sung in lower Assam. This music developed during the reign of the Kamrupa Kingdom. These songs are deeply rooted in various human emotions, especially those of common people, and are known for their rich musical style.
Goalporiya Lokageet: Goalporiya Lokgeet is a folk music form mainly sung in the Goalpara district of Assam. These lyrical songs from Goalpara revolve primarily around the theme of love.
Tokari Geet: Tokari Geet represents another genre of Assamese folk music that draws inspiration from Indian mythological stories and the social life of the people. These songs are performed using the Tokari, a folk musical instrument with a single string played by finger plucking, accompanied by cymbals and flute. Typically, male folk singers, led by a leader, sing these songs.
Aainam: Aainam is a devotional folk music style sung by women in Assam. It is associated with death and illness and is performed when someone in the family is suffering from a severe sickness, particularly smallpox. Women clap their hands while singing to praise the Goddess, and this tradition still prevails in lower Assam.
Bianaam: Bianaam is another well-known form of Assamese folk music prevalent in both Upper and Lower Assam. These songs are sung during marriages and add a festive touch to the celebrations. They narrate the epic tales of King Baana and his daughter Usha, who married Anniruddha, the grandson of Lord Krishna. Women in the society particularly sing these songs.
Dihanaam: Dihanaam refers to a congregational prayer that praises the Assamese saint Sankardev. Mainly performed by women in Assam, Dihanaam is accompanied by musical instruments such as Negera, taal, khol, and hand clapping.
Bhawaiya: Bhawaiya is a folk musical form that originated in the northern part of Bengal during the 16th century. Over time, it found its way to Assam and is now sung in various themes by the working class. This music has evolved through the centuries and is often accompanied by folk dances.
Ojapali: Ojapali is an ancient folk music and dance form considered one of the oldest art forms in Assam. It is typically performed in groups during religious festivals and celebrations. The lyrics of Ojapali draw inspiration from the Padma Purana.
In addition to the aforementioned styles, Assam's folk music boasts several other types, including Nawariageets, Jhumur, Bongeet, Dihanaam, Jikir and Zari, Hiranaam, Nichukoni geet, Gorokhiya Naam, Deori Mosaia, Holi Geet, Nao Khelor geet, Dehbichar Geet, Siyaan Geet, and more.
Click on the link below to learn more about Indian Folk Music-
https://www.indianetzone.com/6/folk_music.htm
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