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Democratizing Mobile App Development for Disaster Management

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Emma Watson

Smartphones are quickly becoming the primary computing and communication platform for people’s daily tasks. With the rise of social networks, “netizens” are now comfortable with frequently updating their social profiles with their current activities and/or locations.

 

This new source of information, social signals from microblog platforms, has been found to be especially useful in disaster management and relief operations [Fajardo and Oppus, 2010].

For example, during the Beijing flash floods in July 2012, people took to Twitter to provide information about the flooded areas and collaboratively developed a live crisis map of the floods impact using Google Maps. By integrating crowdsourced information with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data or other open datasets released by the local government, sometechnical volunteers have developed useful mobile applications for disaster reliefs.

 

However, each organization usually has its own application that creates or consumes data stored in standalone databases, or even worse, in spreadsheets. This means most of these applications are built in silos without exploiting the potential of being “interlinked” with other data collected from other organizations, or even the government. The lack of expertise and the cost for building mobile applications cause relief workers to turn to more manual steps for merging various reports from volunteers. Consequently, the increasingly unorganized and scattered information become noise in the system and can sometimes slowdown the decision making process.

 

We envision a framework that enables non-technical application developers to quickly build and deploy applications that easily reuse existing and crowdsourced structured information sources. One major challenge in the afore-mentioned example is how to effectively integrate data generated by multiple parties, including the “crowd”, relief organizations, and government agencies. We address this challenge by using Linked Data principles2 to enable the reuse, extension and integration of heterogeneous structured data from distributed sources. Linked Data is a set of design principles proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for using Web technologies in order to support the distributed development of structured information such that it can be easily and automatically combined.

 

However, consuming and generating Linked Data is difficult as pointed out in [Scharffe et al., 2012], especially on mobile devices. This implies that we need to also focus on reducing the barrier to the adoption of Linked Data technologies on smartphones. This paper describes our ongoing work of extending the App Inventor3 platform with Linked Data technologies. App Inventor is an open-source project that provides a blockbased interface to visually create Android apps [Wolber et al., 2011]. We are developing “Linked Data” components for App Inventor that will allow app developers to easily build applications that explore and consume Linked Data datasets as well as publish structured data directly to remote Linked Data repositories. Our App Inventor components will focus on (i) embedding semantic concepts directly into the process of mobile app-building while hiding most of the operational details from novice developers, and (ii) the integration of structured information from microblog platforms, crowdsourced and existing open data.

 

See the Detailed Report on https://irevolution.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/paper-2.pdf

 

 

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