The gist is that before you were, there was. The imaginations that follow the science research have a way of dangling with the mind of humans. Did you know? There is a particular organism that is believed to have a circular relationship between every living being on the planet earth today. It is the wonderful, “Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) can also be called as the “Last Universal Ancestor (LUA). This is the most recent population of organisms which scientists and researchers believe that all organisms now living on Earth have a common descent. Life is currently divided into six kingdoms: animals, protists, plants, fungi, eubacteria, and archaebacteria. The first four categories belong to the domain known as eukaryotes, meaning sporting cells with distinct nuclei. Eubacteria and archaebacteria are both single-celled organisms without a distinct nucleus. But all of them evolved to have a descendant relationship from a single-celled ancestor that was believed to have lived about 4 billion years ago when Earth was a celestial baby.
The Role of DNA Studies in LUCA and The Evolutionary Concept
DNA analysis provided the opportunity for researchers to effect changes in the tree of life in an incredibly detailed manner. Which always has a question mark at the base. The question had been who started it all? But they came up with a pretty good description to satisfy this need, which is LUCA, of all of Earth’s creatures, also referred to as microbial Eve. Based on the time of LUCA’s existence on the planet, it may have lived in the really inhospitable environs like underwater and even the volcanos.
LUCA is no less than 4 billion years old and was a single-cell organism at the time. After all, those billions of years and the changes encountered, LUCA’s fingerprints are still clearly seen in the genes of modern organisms. That’s the reason William Martin, a biologist at Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf, Germany, engaged more of his time to study LUCA’s trail in the genes of bacteria and archaea, which landed to the note of eukaryotes.
Scientists have been involved in various studies of the inception of man and every living being of which a major key concept is the LUCA which springs beyond superficial learning down to study the early evolution of life’s origin.
The Research on LUCA and The Gene Attributes
There was a study published in Nature Microbiology, stated that LUCA is no less than 4 billion years old, possibly had the worst environmental experience due to their moving tectonic plates and was also a single-cell organism.
William Martin of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf led a team of scientists to investigate all clusters and genetic evolutionary trees of 6.1 million genes. They conducted the following studies while trying to get a clear description of LUCA. The team was able to identify 355 genes that trace to the last ancestor by phylogenetic criteria.
The origin of the idea about LUCA was birthed when researcher of Martin’s group was giving a 20-minute summary of a Masters thesis in bioinformatics.
The human brain is the most complex organ in the human body and to say that brain surgery is a complicated operation would be an understatement.
It takes years of practice and knowledge for a surgeon to perform such an intricate operation, yet it’s still prone to human errors.
There is not one ‘grand unified theory’ of neuroscience, even after hundreds of hours spent on its research and application.
The slightest of error or wrongdoing in such a case can cause severe consequences to the patient.To tackle this issue, researchers have spent countless hours to come up with a solution wherein robots will perform this delicate surgery on behalf of humans.
Researchers at the University of Utah have developed a machinery that can drastically reduce the time taken to perform surgeries and that too in an efficient manner.
One of their robots is able to perform such complicated operations, at least 50 times faster than human conducted surgeries.The procedure of drilling through the human skull to perform surgery takes over 2 hours of time, however, this robot can do the same operation with flawless accuracy in only 2 and a half minutes.
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