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Lasers and their applications

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tom xu

laser is an acronym for the amplification of the lumière émission stimulée of radiation. During the last siècle, many types of laser pen ont été utilisés for many applications différentes, from welding to surgery to military uses, and m&stop, me à the use of everyday life by harnessing the principles of the lumière and émissions stimulées.

To understand how to operate the lasers, we must first understand the physics behindère the light waves. The lumière éby a source and déplace in a straight line and when it strikes an object is either absorbedée, réfléchie, or refractée lumière behaves primarily as a wave, and it is his nature ondulée lumière, which allows lasers to work. The interférence constructive is what amplifies the lumière. Since the lumière is a wave, it has a fréquence calculationée byéequation:

As the waves of the cr&stop;your, strengths of the waves and the troughs, the low points. The interférence constructive occurs when two waves of the m&stop, me enéquence meet à cr&stop, te or à a low, which can combine to form a wave that has an amplitude égale à the sum of the amplitudes of the individual waves original. L'émission stimulée is the process that is running the laser résetting, which has été proposé by Albert Einstein in 1917. When a sufficient number of atoms, either gas solid or liquid, absorb theéenergy so that they are in a état excité d'émission d'éenergy stimulée occur. The lumière at a wavelength spéto be specific can produce more lumière with the m&stop, me phase and the direction of the light waves will be cohérent. L'émission stimulée amplifies the cohérence of this radiation and gives the radiation a écart beam très éclose.

blue laser pointer 8000mW

The combination of the amplification of the lumière and émissions stimulées crée a red laser. The lumière laser is cohéannuity because the atoms are stimulés éput waves lumière who are in the phase créant a interférence constructive producing a lumière laser powerful and intense.

lasers à microchip lasers à états solid à diodes are the most compact. They are producedés à using collective processes of mass production, à low co&burning;t. Several hundred lasers microchip can &our vision to be producedés on a single wafer thin of a matériau laser. The microchip laser is pumpedé with a laser à diode standard GaAlAs or GaInAs, directly or à through a multimode fiber. It is a kind of transformer lens which converts a beam of laser diodes of very poor qualité in a TEM00 rayé diffraction and a laser beam à fréquence unique. In addition, by switching Q, of the pulse-très short (~0.4-2 ns) with a power of cr&stop;te très élevée (0.5-50 kW) can &our vision to be obtained. Most of the matématerials laser well-known can &stop;tre utilisés émissions close to 1, 1.3, 1.5, and 2. The émissions, visible and UV are obtained à générations harmonics in crystals non linéaires. Lasers Microchip have many industrial applications différentes on the great marchés such as: automotive, laser marking, environmental applications, and mémedical, public works, télécommunications. They should open the field of lasers à l'état strong à marchés à, high-volume and à low co&burning;t.

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