Laser cutting is a technology that uses a laser to cut different materials.
“Laser” is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, which describes the physical effect as well as the tool. Lasers are used for a wide variety of purposes. It is used for cutting metal plates and other materials such as steel, stainless steel and aluminium plates. Laser cutting is very accurate and can cut small holes and difficult shapes. Additionally it only has a small heat affect zone.
How does laser-cutting work?
To direct the beam, the high-power laser is directed through CNC (computer numerical control) and optics. Mostly a motion control system is used. The laser beam is focused and melts or is blown away by a jet of gas.
To create the laser beam, lasing materials get stimulated by electrical discharges or lamps inside the closed container. The laser material is reflected by mirrors until it reaches a high enough energy to escape as a beam of light. This beam is then focused by mirrors that direct it to a lens, which intensifies the light.
The advantages of laser-cutting
1 Accuracy
Because of the small but powerful laser, the cutting is very precise and does not need much after treatment. Since the cutting is very accurate it is easy to get identical parts.
2 Flexibility
A laser cutter can be used for all kinds of materials and shapes and thus doesn’t need any additional tools. Since the cutter is highly automated, there is no much manpower needed.
3 High quality
Depending on the material, laser cutting only leaves a little burr that doesn’t necessarily need to be removed, which is a big advantage of laser cutting.
4 Contactless cutting
Since only the laser comes into contact with the chosen material, you don’t need to be afraid of any friction that could wear off the tool.
5 Cutting versatility
Not only can a laser cutter be used for many different materials, but also for a lot of different tasks, such as drilling, engraving and marking.
6 Power consumption is low
The laser itself uses quite some energy but despite that there are no other parts of the cutter that would require power since there is no cutting force.
The disadvantages of laser-cutting
1 Expertise needed
A specialist operator is needed to ensure the high cutting quality.
2 Limitation
Even though laser cutting works for a big variety of materials, it has a limit for material thickness.
3 Gases
It is recommended to use a ventilation for a safe process, since laser cutting melts the materials and releases dangerous gases and fumes
4 High costs
Laser cutting machines are very costly.
Types of laser cutting
There are 3 used types of laser cutting:
Flame cutting uses Oxygen as assisting gas, which increases the energy.
Fusion cutting uses nitrogen to expel molten material out of the kerf.
Remote cutting owns a high-intensity laser beam that partially evaporates the material and thus doesn’t need any additional gas.
Here you will learn about the advantages that Femto laser cutting offers a few different contrasted with ordinary laser handling advancements.
Conventional laser machining can now and again produce beads of liquid metal around worked edges.
As the machining procedure proceeds, flotsam and jetsam can gather on the workpiece, which can bring about overwhelming pollution that is hard to expel.Femto lasers display two removal stages: a delicate and reliable removal stage.
The delicate stage brings about controlled liquefying and vaporization.
The substantial stage can be utilized to remove long, spare channels with high viewpoint proportions.Fiber lasers can cut decisively.
However, parts require protracted post-preparing activities, which add to extend costs and can prompt harmed parts.
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Laser cutters are excellent tools whenever you are trying to do something new.
Compared to vinyl and craft cutters they are more precise and cut through dense materials like they were butter.
A laser cutting machine is as useful in prototyping as a 3D printer.
The only difference is that one of them systematically adds layers, while the other one shaves them off.
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